Factors Associated with the Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Women at Kayen Regional Public Hospital

Abstract

The International Diabetes Federation Atlas reports that the number of people with diabetes worldwide has reached 463 million and is projected to increase by 51% to around 700 million by 2045. In 2019, the global prevalence of diabetes in individuals aged 20–79 years was 9.3%. The Health Office of Pati Regency in 2018 reported that type 2 diabetes mellitus constituted 19.33% of all reported non-communicable disease cases, totaling 9,676 cases. This study aims to identify factors associated with the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in women at Kayen Regional Public Hospital, Pati Regency. This quantitative research used a cross-sectional design with a sample of 89 women, selected through random sampling. The research instrument was a questionnaire administered directly at Kayen Regional Public Hospital. Data analysis included univariate and bivariate analyses using the Chi-Square test. The findings indicate significant associations between age and the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (p-value = 0.0001), genetic factors (p-value = 0.0001), body mass index (p-value = 0.0001), physical activity (p-value = 0.0001), history of hypertension (p-value = 0.0001), and educational level (p-value = 0.002). In conclusion, the factors significantly associated with the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in women at Kayen Regional Public Hospital include age, genetic predisposition, body mass index, physical activity, hypertension history, and educational level.