Variation of TEA and Stearic Acid Concentration in Robusta Coffee Bean Powder (Coffea Canephora L) Body Scrub Formulation and Irritation Test

Abstract

The skin is the body's largest organ and is vulnerable to premature aging caused by environmental factors and stress. Using a body scrub made from natural ingredients, such as robusta coffee beans, can help remove dead skin cells. Robusta coffee contains antioxidants like chlorogenic acid and flavonoids, which benefit skin health. This study aimed to develop a robusta coffee powder body scrub cream with different levels of TEA and stearic acid and to test for skin irritation to ensure safety. The goal was to create a stable and safe exfoliating cosmetic. This research involved a quantitative experimental approach to formulate a robusta coffee bean powder body scrub with various concentrations of TEA and stearic acid, and to evaluate its physical properties and potential for irritation. Three formulations were prepared with TEA levels of 2%, 3%, and 4%, and stearic acid levels of 10%, 15%, and 20%. The evaluations included organoleptic tests, homogeneity, pH, spreadability, adhesion, viscosity, cream type, and irritation tests with 12 panelists. Homogeneity tests showed that all three formulations were uniform, and organoleptic assessments indicated similar results across the samples. All formulations were oil-in-water (O/W) types, with appropriate pH values (6.78-7.28), stable viscosity (20214.2-20218.5 cPs), and satisfactory spreadability (5.2-5.5 cm). Although variations in TEA and stearic acid influenced adhesion, none of the formulations caused skin irritation among the panelists. In conclusion, this robusta coffee bean powder body scrub is stable, possesses good physical qualities, and is safe for use.