An Evaluative Study of the Rationality of Antibiotic Use in Children with Outpatient Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) at the Fastabiq Sehat Pati Clinic in 2021
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Abstract
Acute Respiratory Tract Infection (ARI) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children, especially in developing countries. Irrational antibiotic use in the treatment of ARI remains a common problem, even though most cases are self-limiting. This study aims to evaluate the rationality of antibiotic use based on the 4T parameters (correct dose, correct drug, correct indication, and correct interval of administration) in pediatric patients with ARI outpatients at the Fastabiq Sehat Pati Clinic during 2021. This is a descriptive study with a retrospective approach of 31 pediatric patients aged 5–13 years who received antibiotics and had complete medical records and prescriptions. Data were analyzed based on standards from the British National Formulary (BNF) 74th edition, Drug Information Handbook (DIH) 17th edition, and other therapeutic guidelines. The results showed that the majority of patients were female (64.5%) and aged 5 years (42%). The most commonly prescribed antibiotics were amoxicillin dry syrup (48.39%) and tablets (32.26%). The rationality evaluation showed 100% indication accuracy, 96.8% time interval accuracy, 77.4% medication accuracy, and 54.8% dosage accuracy. Although most rationality parameters were met, inaccuracies remained, particularly in dosage and drug selection. Regular evaluation and increased adherence to therapy guidelines are needed to prevent antibiotic resistance and ensure the effectiveness of ARI treatment in children.
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