The Hidden Economic Burden of Hemodialysis Patients: Direct Non-medical Cost Correlation Based on Patient Characteristics
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Abstract
Abstract. Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) patients undergoing hemodialysis is a chronic condition that requires ongoing health
services and can cause economic burdens for patients and families. This study aims to analyze the economic burden of CKD
patients undergoing hemodialysis based on direct non-medical costs and analyze the Correlation between these costs and patient
characteristics. This study uses a non-experimental quantitative observational design with a retrospective and concurrent
descriptive approach. The research sample was 48 CKD patients who underwent hemodialysis at X Kudus Hospital and was
selected using purposive sampling. Non-medical cost data was directly obtained through interviews. Data analysis included
Shapiro-Wilk and Chi-Square tests. The results showed that most of the patients were male (58.3%), aged 46–55 years (37.5%),
working (64.6%), and undergoing hemodialysis for 1 year (47.9%). The most comorbidity was hypertension (58.3%). Based
on the results of the analysis of direct non-medical costs of IDR 4,538,000 with an average of IDR 99,015.05. There was a
significant correlation between direct non-medical costs and comorbidities of diabetes mellitus (p=0.046). This study shows
that CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis face economic burdens not only from medical costs, but also from non-medical
costs.
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