Formulation and Evaluation of Physical Characteristics of Butterfly Pea Flower (Clitoria ternatea L.) Gel with Different Concentrations of Carbopol 940 and HPMC

Abstract

Butterfly pea flower (Clitoria ternatea L.) contains bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, and saponins, which have antibacterial potential against Propionibacterium acnes, a major cause of acne. Gel is preferred as a topical dosage form due to its ease of use and cooling effect. The selection of gelling agents like Carbopol 940 and HPMC influences the stability and physical quality of the preparation . This experimental study used 15% ethanol extract of butterfly pea flower and was formulated into three variations: Formula 1 (Carbopol 940 0.5% and HPMC 2%), Formula 2 (Carbopol 940 0.75% and HPMC 2.5%) and Formula 3 (Carbopol 940 1% and HPMC 3%). Physical evaluations included organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, spreadability, adhesion, and cycling tests. Before the cycling test, Formulas 2 and 3 met the physical quality standards of gel preparations, while Formula 1 did not meet several parameters. After the cycling test, only Formula 3 remained stable and met all the required standards. Variations in Carbopol 940 and HPMC concentrations affect the physical characteristics of the gel. Formula 3 (Carbopol 940 1% and HPMC 3%) was the most optimal formulation.