Yoga Pranayama as a Non-Pharmacological Approach to Managing Nausea and Vomiting in the First Trimester of Pregnancy
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Abstract
Background: Nausea and vomiting are common symptoms in early pregnancy and may interfere with daily activities, appetite, physical comfort, and quality of life. Evidence-based guidance recognizes the importance of supportive and individualized approaches, including non-pharmacological strategies, for managing pregnancy-related symptoms. Objective: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of Pranayama Yoga in reducing nausea and vomiting among first-trimester pregnant women. Methods: This pre-experimental study used a one-group pretest-posttest design. Seventeen first-trimester pregnant women experiencing nausea and vomiting in Tondomulyo Village, Jakenan District, Pati Regency, Indonesia, were selected using total sampling. Nausea and vomiting were assessed using the Pregnancy-Unique Quantification of Emesis (PUQE-24) questionnaire before and after the intervention. Participants practiced Pranayama Yoga twice daily for 15 minutes over one week. Data were analyzed using a paired t-test. Results: Before the intervention, 58.8% of participants were categorized as having moderate symptoms, whereas after the intervention, 70.6% were categorized as having mild symptoms and no participants remained in the severe category. The mean measurement decreased from 1.00 ± 0.791 to 0.29 ± 0.470, representing a mean reduction of 0.71. The paired t-test showed a statistically significant difference between pre-intervention and post-intervention measurements (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Pranayama Yoga was associated with a significant reduction in nausea and vomiting measurements among first-trimester pregnant women and may be considered a simple complementary non-pharmacological approach for managing pregnancy-related discomfort.
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