Analysis of Secondary Metabolite Compounds of Ethyl Acetate Fraction And Chloroform Fraction of Parijoto Fruit (Medinilla Speciosa B) Using GC-MS
Main Article Content
Abstract
Parijoto fruit (Medinilla speciosa Blume) is an endemic fruit around Mount Muria, Kudus, Central Java. Local people utilise parijoto as a traditional herbal medicine. The utilisation is due to the content of metabolite compounds, such as tannins, flavonoids, phenolics, terpenoids, and others. In order for parijoto fruit to be utilised properly, appropriate extraction and fractionation methods are needed. Thus, the bioactive compounds of parijoto fruit can be extracted optimally. The purpose of this study was to analyse the content of secondary metabolite compounds in methanol extract of parijoto fruit (Medinilla speciosa Blume) ethyl acetate fraction and chloroform fraction. The method used is processing simplisia until dry simplisia is obtained and extracted using maceration method and liquid-liquid fractionation using ethyl acetate fraction and chloroform fraction to obtain these fractions. Test analysis using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC- MS). Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of methanol extract of ethyl acetate fraction has more active compounds than methanol extract of chloroform fraction. The active compounds of methanol extract of ethyl acetate fraction are dimethyl sulfate, pentanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, octadecanoic acid, 8-cyclohexadecen-1-one, 10-undecenal, tetracosanoic acid, eicosanoic acid, 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, and cyclopentanethiol. The active compounds of chloroform fraction methanol extract are glycine, pyridine, aldosterone, combretastatin, and cobalt. There are secondary metabolite compounds in methanol extract of ethyl acetate fraction and chloroform fraction, namely 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid and bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (30.59% area), pyridine, aldosterone, combretastatin, and cobalt (21.55% area), octadecanoic acid (12,49% area), cyclopentanethiol (11.40% area), glycine (9.84% area), hexadecanoic acid (9.14% area), 10-undecenal (8.75% area), tetracosanoic acid and eicosanoic acid (4.21% area), dimethyl sulfate and pentanoic acid (3.74% area), and 8-cyclohexadecen-1-one (1.75% area).
Downloads
Article Details
References
Annona, S., Febriani, D., Mulyanti, D., & Rismawati, E. (2015). Characterisation of simplisia and ethanol extract of soursop leaves, Journal of Pharmacy, 10(2), 475-480.
Ashford, RD. (1994). Ashford's dictionary of industrial chemistry. London, UK: Wavelength Publications Ltd.
Damayanti, P. N., Luhurningtyas, F. P., & Indrayati, L. L. (2023). Determination of total phenolic and flavonoid content of ethanol extract of parijoto fruit (medinilla speciosa blume) by UV-Vis spectrophotometric method. Journal of Pharmacy, 12(1), 1-6.
Dewatisari, W. F. (2020). Comparison of chloroform and ethanol solvents on the yield of tongue-in- law (sansevieria trifasciata prain) leaf extract using maceration method. Journal of Pharmacy, 3(1), 127-132.
Eko B. M. (2015). Phytochemical screening and total flavonoid content in carica pubescens lenne & k. koch fruits in bromo, cangar, and dieng plateau areas. Journal of Phytochemical Screening, 5(2), 73-82.
Fiehn, O. (2002). Metabolomics the link between genotypes and phenotypes. Plant Molecular Biology, 48(1), 155-171.
Handayani, Wirasutisna, & Insanu. (2017). Phytochemical screening and characterisation of rose guava (Syzygium jambos Alston) leaf simplisia, Journal of Phytochemical Screening, 5(1), 22-24.
Hendro Purnomo, Shilvyanora Aprilia Rande, Rizqi Prastowo. (2022). Spatial mapping of cobalt content in laterite deposits using ordinary cokriging and inverse distance weighting methods. Journal of Science Technology & Environment. 8(1) 73-86.
Heryana, A. (2014). Research hypothesis. Yogyakarta: Eureka Education, 1.
Illing, I., Safitri, W., & Erfiana. (2017). Phytochemical test of degen fruit extract. Journal of Dynamics, 8(1), 66-84.
Lanipi, R. P., Hardia, L., Astuti, R. A., & Budianto, A. B. (2022). Phytochemical test of katuk (sauropus adrogynus (L) merr) leaf extract. Journal of Ethnopharmacy, 1(1), 1-6.
Larranaga, M.D., Lewis, R.J. Sr., Lewis, R.A. (2016). Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary 16th Edition. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Hoboken, NJ, 1027.
Leliana N. W. (2013). Thesis Test of antioxidant activity and determination of total phenolic and flavonoid content of parijoto fruit (medinilla speciosa blume). Institutional Repository UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta.
Mahmiah, Sudjarwo, G. W., & Andriyani, F. (2017). Phytochemical screening and GC-MS analysis of hexane fraction of stem bark (Rhizophora mucronata L.) National Marine Seminar XII, 44- 51.
Maryanti, A. (2016). Isolation and characterisation of endophytic fungi from the twigs of parijoto plants (medinilla speciosa blume) and their activity test as antibacterial. Thesis, Institutional Repository UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta.
Niswah, L. (2014). Antibacterial activity test of parijoto fruit extract (medinilla speciosa blume). Pharmacy Study Programme, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, State Islamic University Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta.
Nugroho, A., & Mangkurat, U. L. (2017). Natural Materials Technology. Textbook: natural materials technology. Banjarmasin: Sains Techno Langsung Perum Korpri, Pangkalpinang.
O'Neil MJ, Heckelman PE, Dobbelaar PH, Roman KJ. (2013). Merck Index, Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Medicines, and Biologicals. 15th edition. Cambridge, UK: The Royal Society of Chemistry.
Penketh PG, Shyam K, Divo AA, Patton CL, Sartorelli AC. (1990). Methylating agents as trypanosides. Journal of medicinal chemistry, 33, 730-732.
Sarah Melinda, E. Annisaa', and W. Sasikirana. (2021). Cytotoxic potential of purified parijoto (medinilla speciosa blume) fruit extract on HeLa cervical cancer cells. Generics: Journal of Research in Pharmacy, 1(2), pp. 44 - 52.
Suratno, S. (2016). Phytochemical screening of ethanol extract of spirulina platensis microalgae with potential as antibacterial. Surya Medika Journal, 1(2), 26-33.
Syarif. (2015). Ethyl acetate extract of parijoto fruit (medinilla speciosa blume). Jakarta.
Van Hove JL, Vande Kerckhove K, Hennermann JB, Mahieu V, Declercq P, Mertens S, De Becker M, Kishnani PS, Jaeken J. (2005). Benzoate treatment and the glycine index in nonketotic hyperglycinaemia. Journal of Education Research. 28(5):651-63.