Proceeding Cendekia International Conference Health and Technology
Institut Teknologi Kesehatan Cendekia Utama Kudus
Analysis of Hygiene and Sanitation in Catering Kudus Regency
Consuming unhealthy foods and drinks increases the risk of various diseases, including foodborne disease. Catering is declared healthy if it meets the requirements in the Republic of Indonesia Minister of Health Regulation Number 1096/Menkes/Per/VI/2011, including requirements for location, cooking equipment, sanitation facilities, and the behavior of food handlers. This research aims to describe the sanitation and hygiene conditions of catering services and the presence of Escherichia coli bacteria in food. This research method uses a cross-sectional analytical approach. Determining the number of samples in this study using the formula Slovin resulted in a sample size of 38. The number of respondents who met the inclusion criteria requirements was 20. The research instruments used were environmental sanitation hygiene test observation sheets and microbiology laboratory tests for the presence of Escherichia coli bacteria. The research results indicated that 15 (75%) catering services met the food service environmental sanitation hygiene were eligible, while 5 (25%) samples failed to meet these standards. Meanwhile, the variable for the presence of Escherichia coli bacteria in catering food met the eligible, namely 19 (95%), and only 1 (5%) sample contained Escherichia coli bacteria.
Copyright (c) 2025 Proceeding Cendekia International Conference Health and Technology
The Relationship Between Family Support And Treatment Adherence Among Breast Cancer Patients At Referral Hospital In Indonesia
Family support plays a pivotal role in influencing therapy adherence among breast cancer patients. This study aimed to examine the relationship between family support and therapy adherence in breast cancer patients treated at referral hospital in East Java, Indonesia. A quantitative, cross-sectional design was employed, involving 30 participants selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire assessing three dimensions of family support emotional, instrumental, and informational and levels of therapy adherence. Pearson correlation analysis was used to determine the relationship, with a significance level set at p < 0.05. The findings revealed a significant positive correlation between family support and therapy adherence (r = 0.678; p < 0.05). A total of 98% of participants demonstrated high adherence to therapy, while 2% were non-adherent. Among those receiving strong family support (95%), all reported full adherence to therapy (100%). In contrast, only 50% of patients with low family support adhered to treatment. Key barriers to adherence included emotional exhaustion, financial difficulties, and lack of emotional support. This study underscores the critical role of family support, particularly emotional, instrumental, and informational, in promoting therapy adherence. Interventions to improve adherence should incorporate family education, financial assistance, community-based support programs, family involvement in clinical decision-making, and psychological counseling. These strategies may enhance treatment outcomes and overall patient well-being through comprehensive family engagement.
The Rationale For The Use Of Antidepressant Drugs in Depressed Patients In Hospitals. Regional General Dr. Loekmono Hadi Kudus in 2023
Depression is an emotional disorder or bad mood characterized by prolonged sadness, hopelessness, feelings of guilt, and meaninglessness. Inaccuracies in treatment can cause side effects and reduce the effectiveness of the drugs given, so rational treatment is needed to prevent these effects from occurring. The purpose of this study is to find out the characteristics of patients and the rationality of the use of antidepressant drugs in depressed patients in hospitals. Regional General Dr. Loekmono Hadi Kudus in 2023. This study is a non-experimental research, with a descriptive design method and retrospective data collection. Data were obtained from 59 medical records with inclusion criteria, namely depressed patients aged 12-69 years and receiving antidepressant therapy. In this research, patient characteristics analysis and therapy evaluation were carried out which included the right patient, the right indication, the right diagnosis, the right drug, the right dose, and the right time interval of administration. The results of the study were based on the characteristics of the most male (54%), the age of the patients with the most depression, namely 26-45 years (57.6%), and the type of antidepressant drug that is often used, namely sertraline (72.9%). The rationale for prescribing antidepressant drugs in depressive patients is 100% right for the patient, the right indication, the right diagnosis, the right medication, the right dose, and the right time interval of administration. The conclusion of the characteristics of most patients is male and the age range is 26-45 years. The rationale for the use of antidepressant drugs in depressed patients in hospitals. The Regional General Dr. Loekmono Hadi Kudus in 2023 was declared to be rational including the right patient, the right indication, the right diagnosis, the right medication, the right dose, and the right time interval for administration.
Trends in Nutritional Status and Physical Fitness Among Preschool Children in Indonesia: Analysis of SDKI, SSGI, and Riskesdas Data 2020–2024
Preschool children (ages 3–6) are in a critical phase of growth and development, during which nutritional intake and physical activity are key factors in supporting optimal development. This study aims to analyze trends in the nutritional status and physical fitness of preschool children in Indonesia, using data from the SDKI, SSGI, and Riskesdas from 2020 to 2024. Key parameters considered include stunting, wasting, overweight, physical activity duration (less than 60 minutes), dietary intake (sugar-rich foods), and ARI prevalence. The analysis reveals that stunting prevalence declined from 27.7% to 20.9%, although overweight conditions have increased in urban areas. Physical activity and healthy food consumption remain problematic. Therefore, community-level interventions, particularly through early childhood education and child health services, are needed to promote nutrition and physical activity from an early age.
Total Flavonoid Content Test Of N-Hexane Fraction Of Leaf Of Rubbish Kebo (Ficus Elastica Roxb Ex.Hornem) Using Uv-Vis Spectrophotometric Method
Kebo rubber plant (Ficus elastica roxb ex.hornem) is a plant that has been known to contain flavonoid compounds that can be used as traditional medicine. This study aims to determine the total flavonoid content of the n-hexane fraction of the rubber kebo leaves (Ficus elastica roxb ex.hornem) and what compounds are contained therein. The extraction process in this study used the maceration method and then fractionated. The 70% ethanol extract was fractionated with n-hexane solvent and carried out qualitative phytochemical identification then tested the total flavonoid levels using the UV-Vis Spectrophotometric method at a wavelength of 430 nm, as a comparison used quercetin standards. The results of phytochemical identification were secondary compounds of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins and tannins. In the n-hexane fraction of rubber kebo leaves, the total flavonoid content was 13.711 ± 1.111%. The n-hexane fraction of rubber kebo leaves contains alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins and tannins. The n-hexane fraction of kebo rubber leaves contained a total flavonoid content of 13.711 ± 1.111%.
The Application Of Foot Reflexology Therapy On Blood Pressure Reduction In Hypertension Patients
Background:Hypertension is a condition in which a person experiences an increase in blood pressure above normal levels, which can cause pain and even lead to death. This condition is defined as an increase in systolic blood pressure >140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure >90 mmHg. Based on data from the Tanjungrejo Public Health Center, during the period of January to December 2024, there were 17,511 cases of hypertension recorded in its working area. Foot reflexology therapy (foot massage) is one of the non-pharmacological treatments currently used for hypertension. Foot massage can serve as a safe and easy non-pharmacological therapy that helps improve circulation, enhance joint mobility, reduce pain, relax muscles, and provide comfort in the joints. Objective:To describe the implementation of foot reflexology therapy in reducing blood pressure in hypertensive patients in Tanjungrejo Village.Method:The case study in this scientific paper used a pre-experimental design in the form of a one-group pre-test and post-test design. The number of samples was 15 respondents selected using purposive sampling technique.Research Results:The average pre-test blood pressure of the 15 respondents was 164 mmHg systolic and 95 mmHg diastolic. The average post-test blood pressure was 154 mmHg systolic and 87 mmHg diastolic. The difference in the average values between the pre-test and post-test was 10 mmHg for systolic and 8 mmHg for diastolic pressure. These results indicate a decrease in blood pressure among hypertensive patients in Tanjungrejo Village after undergoing foot reflexology therapy. Conclusion:Foot reflexology therapy can reduce blood pressure in patients with hypertension.
Depression Among Stroke Patients Based on Gender and Age Category: A Secondary Data Analysis
Post-stroke depression (PSD) is a common but often under-recognized complication that significantly affects the recovery and quality of life of stroke survivors. In Indonesia, population-level data regarding the sociodemographic distribution of PSD remains limited. This study aimed to describe the prevalence of depression among stroke patients based on gender and age category using data from the 2018 Indonesian Basic Health Survey (Riskesdas). A descriptive cross-sectional design was employed using secondary data involving 6,278 stroke patients aged 18 years and above. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were used to analyze the association between depression status and sociodemographic variables. The results showed that 19.7% of stroke patients experienced depression. Depression was significantly more prevalent in females (22.3%) compared to males (17.0%) (p < 0.001). Moreover, the prevalence of depression increased with age, highest among older adults (21.7%) (p < 0.001). These findings underscore the need for targeted mental health screening and age- and gender-sensitive intervention strategies in post-stroke care. This study contributes valuable evidence for public health planning and clinical practice in Indonesia, especially in integrating psychological support in national stroke rehabilitation frameworks.
Comparison of Total Flavonoid Content With 70% Ethanol and Ethyl Acetate Solvents Pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Duchesne) Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction Method
Indonesia has a rich biodiversity that has potential for developing traditional medicines. One such plant was the yellow pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Duchesne ), especially its skin, which was often considered waste, even though it was rich in vitamins, phenolics, flavonoids, polysaccharides, and minerals. This studied aims to identify secondary metabolite compounds, determine total flavonoid levels, compare total flavonoid levels of pumpkin skin (Cucurbita moschata Duchesne) using 70% ethanol, ethyl acetate solvents and determine differences in total flavonoid levels using the UV-Vis spectrophotometry method and determine whether there are differences or not in total flavonoid levels of pumpkin skin (Cucurbita moschata Duchesne). This research was an experimental study using the UAE method with 70% ethanol, ethyl acetate solvents and a phytochemical screening test was carried out. The data obtained were analyzed using the normality test and the nonparametric Kruskal Wallis Test. Pumpkin skin (Cucurbita moschata Duchesne) positively contains flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, and saponins. The water content contained in the simplicia powder is 7.32%. The total flavonoid content of the 70% ethanol extract was obtained 3.69% and the total flavonoid content of the ethyl acetate extract was obtained 4.68%. The normality test of the 70% ethanol extract and ethyl acetate was not normally distributed. The nonparametric Kruskal Wallis Test resulted in a difference between the total flavonoid content of the 70% ethanol extract and ethyl acetate of pumpkin skin (Cucurbita moschata Duchesne). Because the sign results obtained were 0.046 <0.05.
Effect of Oleic Acid and Propylene Glycol Enhancer Enhancer on Physical Properties and Veil Activity Solar On Carrot Extract Lotion Preparation (Daucus carota L.)
Carrots contain β carotene which can function as an antioxidant which has the ability to fight singlet oxygen and interact with free radicals. Carrot extract lotion is formulated with a variety of oleic acid and propylene glycol enhancers which are used to increase or decrease skin impermeability. The research objective was to determine the effect of the addition of oleic acid and propylene glycol enhancers on the physical characteristics and effects on the sunscreen activity of carrot extract (Daucus carota L.) lotion. The solvent used in the extraction of 96% ethanol. The research was carried out by making differences in the concentration of oleic acid and propylene glycol in each formula, namely FI (10 oleic acid), F II combination (5% oleic acid and 5% propylene glycol) and F III (10% propylene glycol). Physical characteristics test includes organoleptic (shape, smell, color), homogeneity test, pH test, adhesion and spreadability test. Extraction obtained from wet simplicia amounted to 7500 gr to 580 g after drying then into a thick extract of 67.3 g with a yield of 11.60%. The results were analyzed by SPSS, the results showed normal and homogeneous distribution, namely p> 0.05. The results of the SPF test showed p> 0.05 which meant that the distribution was normal Cendekia Journal of Pharmacy STIKES Cendekia Utama Kudus P-ISSN 2559 – 2163 E-ISSN 2599 – 2155 Vol. 2, No. 1, Agustus 2020 http://cjp.jurnal.stikescendekiautamakudus.ac.id 2 and the homogeneity test was p 0.05 and continued with the Tukey test with a confidence level of 95%.
Fiber Intake and Sleep Quality in Elderly with Hypertension
Elderly people are at risk of experiencing various health problems because they experience changes both physically, socially and mentally. The disease that often occurs in the elderly is hypertension. Hypertension in the elderly is caused by food intake, such as fiber intake, sodium and other factors that are often overlooked are sleep quality. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between fiber intake, sleep quality and blood pressure in the elderly. This type of research is descriptive analytical with a cross-sectional approach. Blood pressure variables using a tensiometer, fiber intake, cholesterol, sodium using a 24-hour recall, sleep quality using the PSQI questionnaire, a sample of 57 elderly people using total sampling. The results showed that 94.7% of the elderly had hypertension, 82.5% of the elderly had low fiber intake and 68.4% of the elderly had poor sleep quality. Low fiber intake and poor sleep quality contribute to hypertension. Choosing fiber-rich foods that are easily accessible and easy for the elderly to chew and regulating the elderly's sleep hours are strategies to reduce the incidence of hypertension in the elderly.
The Effect Of Mentorship Learning Method On Breast Care Skills In Midwifery Students
Background: Mentorship is a process of a mentor who has professional experience and knowledge to mentees who have less experience and knowledge. Objective: This study aims to analyze the effect of the Mentorship learning method on breast care skills of postpartum mothers in midwifery students. Methods: This study uses a Pre-Experimental research design (one group pretest-posttest design) where this study has no comparison group (control) but at least has been made the first observation (pretest) which allows researchers to test changes that occur after the experiment. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling techniques with a total of 38 student respondents. Results: Of the 38 students who were given treatment, 39.5% of students were skilled during the pre-test and when the post-test became 100% skilled with a p-value of 0.000<0.005, indicating that there was an influence of mentorship learning methods on breast care skills Conclusion: From the results of the analysis conducted, it shows that there is an influence of mentorship learning methods on students' skills in carrying out breast care for postpartum mothers.
In Vitro Acute Toxicity With LC50 Value and Phytochemical Identification of Jamu Lancar Haid T® Using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) Method
Toxicity is the ability of a substance to cause toxic effects (poison) at a certain time. The purpose of this study was to determine the secondary metabolites contained in T® smooth menstruation herbal medicine and the LC50 value in Artemia Salina Leach shrimp larvae. T® smooth menstruation herbal medicine is a herbal product commonly used by women to facilitate menstruation, but has the potential for misuse. The study used a true experimental design with a post-test only control group design. Phytochemical screening showed that the sample contained alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins. The toxicity test was carried out using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method at five concentration variations (0, 250, 500, 1000, and 2000 ppm), each with three repetitions. The results of data analysis using linear regression y = 1.1643x + 1.5472 showed an LC50 value of 932.017 ppm. This value indicates that the T® herbal medicine for smooth menstruation is toxic to Artemia salina larvae.
PALLIATIVE CARE FOR ELDERLY PEOPLE WITH DIABETES MELLITUS IN THE COMMUNITY ENVIRONMENT: LITERATURE REVIEW
Diabetes mellitus is a significant health problem among the elderly, which often requires a palliative care approach. This suggests the need for a better understanding of palliative care management in a community context. The purpose of this study was to analyze palliative care journals related to diabetes mellitus in the elderly. The method used was a systematic review of relevant literature and qualitative data analysis with secondary data analysis through various existing studies. The search was conducted through national journal databases such as Google Scholar. The results of the study showed that palliative care interventions can improve the quality of life of the elderly with diabetes mellitus, reduce symptoms, and increase social support. In addition, there is an urgent need for training of health workers in providing effective palliative care. The conclusion of this study emphasizes the importance of integrating palliative care into the management of diabetes mellitus in the elderly in the community, as well as the need to develop training programs for health workers.
A Combination Of Acupressure Techniques At The Pericardium Point 6 And Peppermint Aromatherapy Can Reduce Nausea In Mothers With Grade 1 Hyperemesis Gravidarum. 1
Hyperemesis gravidarum is a pregnancy that experiences excessive nausea and vomiting which can cause malnutrition and dehydration, thus impacting on fetal injury problems. To overcome nausea, a combination of acupressure is needed at the pericardium point PC 6 and peppermint aromatherapy. The purpose of this writing is to reduce nausea by using acupressure techniques at the pericardium 6 point and a combination of peppermint aromatherapy. This study uses a descriptive design with a case study approach on pregnant women with grade 1 Hyperemesis Gravidarum. The location of the case study was at Hermina Jatinegara Hospital on May 1-3, 2025. The assessment revealed the patient complaining of persistent nausea, decreased appetite, and weight loss. The primary nursing concern was nutritional deficit. Nursing interventions included nutritional management using acupressure techniques on pericardial point 6 and a combination of peppermint aromatherapy. Evaluation over 3 days, conducted twice a day, found a decrease in nausea, indicated by an increase in appetite from 2-3 spoons to ¾ portion. Recommendations for nurses are expected to provide non-pharmacological therapy using acupressure techniques at pericardium point 6 and a combination of peppermint aromatherapy used in patients with grade 1 Hyperemesis Gravidarum to reduce nausea.
Evaluation And Correlation of Patient Characteristics Towards The Compatibility of Heart Failure Patients' Blood Pressure With JNC 7 Targets
Heart failure is a major complication of hypertension and is a major cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Proper blood pressure management is essential to prevent the worsening of this condition. This study aims to evaluate the suitability of blood pressure in heart failure patients with the JNC 7 target. This study used a descriptive observational design with a retrospective approach. The sampling technique in this study was carried out by purposive sampling. The sample used in this study was 250 BPJS inpatients with a diagnosis of heart failure at Hospital X, Kudus. The data used were obtained from medical records, including patient characteristics (gender, age, length of stay, comorbidities, and concomitant diseases) and blood pressure. The data were analyzed statistically with univariate and bivariate tests using Spearman's rho test. The results showed that 162 patients (64.8%) achieved the JNC 7 blood pressure target with blood pressure in the range of <110/85–140/90 mmHg, while 88 patients (35.2%) did not achieve the blood pressure target (>140/90 mmHg). The results of statistical tests showed that there was a significant correlation between the compatibility of blood pressure with the JNC target and patient characteristics, with a significance value of 0.000<0.05. Based on these results, it can be concluded that heart failure patients with blood pressure reaching the JNC 7 target were 64.8% and there was a correlation between the compatibility of JNC 7 blood pressure and patient characteristics.
Analgesic Activity of Thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) Leaf Extract Using Chemical Stimulus Method in Male White Mice (Mus musculus)
Pain is an uncomfortable feeling that can also be felt by every individual who has a subjective nature, which can affect the mind and can change life, pain or pain in a part of the body is a problematic pain in one part of the body, Pain can be overcome by the use of analgesic drugs, which can reduce or relieve pain without losing consciousness. Analgesic drugs have a working mechanism that is by affecting the threshold of awareness of the feeling of pain. Analgesic drug groups are divided into 2, namely opioid and non-opioid analgesics. The design of this study is Post test Only Control group Design. This study was conducted using 24 mice as test animals divided into 4 groups. K1 was given CMC-Na 0.5%, K2 Na-Diclofenac 13 mg, K3 thyme leaf extract dose 25 mg, K4 was given thyme leaf extract 50 mg, Mice were induced by 1% acetic acid intraperitoneally . Mice were treated orally, then the number of wriggles was counted every 5 minutes for 30 minutes and the % analgesic power was calculated. The data obtained were analyzed by One Way Anova and Post Hoc test . The number of wriggles was 151.67, the percentage of analgesic power was 25.28%, the results of statistical tests showed that each treatment group had an average number of mice wriggles within 1 hour that did not differ significantly (p = 0.654). From the results of the percentage of protection power of mice wriggling for 1 hour, it showed that a dose of 25 mg had a percentage analgesic power of 25.28%, which was the optimum dose that had the best analgesic ability. Thyme leaf extract (Thymus vulgaris L. ) had analgesic activity in white male mice induced by 1% acetic acid. The optimum dose of 25 mg had the highest analgesic power of 25.28%.
Face Mist Formulation 96% Ethanol Fruit Peel Extract Red Dragon (Hylocereus polyrhizus) As An Antioxidant Using the DPPH Method
High levels of air pollution have a negative impact on skin health, the skin is a layer or tissue that covers the entire body and protects the body from external dangers. Red dragon fruit peel (Hylocereus polyrhizus) is a plant that contains flavonoids, alkaloids, betasinin and functions as an antioxidant. Face mist is a type of cosmetic that has a function as a freshener for the skin. This study aims to formulate a face mist using red dragon fruit peel (Hylocereus polyrhizus) which has a function to prevent skin damage due to free radicals and prevent premature aging. Face mist preparations are formulated into 4 formulations, namely with concentrations of 1%, 3%, and 5%, the characteristics of the physical properties of the face mist include organoleptic tests, homogeneity tests, pH tests, humidity tests, irritation tests, and dry time tests and antioxidant testing using the DPPH method. The results showed that 96% ethanol extract of red dragon fruit peel has antioxidant activity, namely in formulation 1 amounting to 440.880 µg/ml, in formulation 2 amounting to 430.606 µg/ml and in formulation 3 amounting to 421.797 µg/ml and in the comparison quercetin has antioxidant activity amounting to 38.059µg/ml. The face mist preparation formulation has a pH value of 5.0-5.8, in the humidity test it has a value of 40%-60%, in the dry time test it has a value of <5 minutes and has a very weak antioxidant value in the face mist preparation.
Phenomenological Study Of The Perception Of Schizophrenia Patients In Undergoing Five-Finger Hypnosis As An Anxiety-Lowering Intervention
Schizophrenia is a chronic psychotic disorder that is often accompanied by anxiety symptoms, which can worsen the patient's condition and hinder the rehabilitation process. One of the non-pharmacological therapies that is effective for overcoming anxiety is five-finger hypnosis therapy. The purpose of this study is to describe the experience of schizophrenia patients in undergoing five-finger hypnosis therapy as well as its effect on reducing anxiety levels. Methods: This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with phenomenological methods. Six participants were selected by purposive sampling based on the inclusion criteria. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and observations, and analyzed using thematic analysis. Anxiety levels were measured using the DASS-42 questionnaire before and after therapy. Results: The results of the thematic analysis showed four main themes: (1) calmness and relaxation after therapy, (2) awareness of negative thoughts and the ability to regulate them, (3) therapy as a way to calm themselves independently, and (4) obstacles in the implementation of therapy. All participants reported a decrease in anxiety symptoms and an improvement in emotional control after participating in five-finger hypnosis therapy. Conclusion: Five-finger hypnosis therapy has a positive impact in helping schizophrenic patients manage anxiety, improve relaxation, and provide a sense of emotional independence. This therapy is recommended as an adjunct nonpharmacological intervention in the management of anxiety disorders in schizophrenia patients.
Family Welfare and Its Role in Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) Among Pregnant Women
Background: Pregnancy can trigger Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED). The main factors influencing CED in pregnant women include food intake, family welfare, and nutritional status. Efforts to reduce the prevalence of CED in Indonesia encompass early screening, nutrition education, and the provision of supplementary food. The novelty of this study lies in identifying the relationship between family welfare levels and the incidence of CED in pregnant women. The study aims to describe family welfare levels, examine the incidence of CED, and analyze the relationship between family welfare and CED occurrence. Methods: This research utilized an analytical observational approach with a cross-sectional design. The study population consisted of pregnant women in the UPTD Puskesmas Mayong I, Jepara area, in 2022, with inclusion criteria being pregnant women in their second and third trimesters who attended antenatal care at the maternal and child health clinic. The sample size was 87 respondents, calculated using the Slovin formula (error margin 0.05%), and sampling was conducted using non-probability consecutive sampling. Data analysis employed the chi-square test. Results: Most families were categorized as "prosperous," with 79 respondents (90.8%). The majority of pregnant women did not experience CED, accounting for 61 respondents (70.1%). Additionally, most of the prosperous families had pregnant members without CED, comprising 59 respondents (67.8%), with a p-value of 0.012 (p-value < 0.05). Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between family welfare and the incidence of Chronic Energy Deficit
Determination of Total Phenolic Content and Sunscreen Activity of 96% Ethanol Extract of Sea Grape (Caulerpa racemosa) Using the UAE Method (Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction)
Sea grapes, with the Latin name Caulerpa racemosa, are a marine plant in the Caulerpaceae family. Sea grapes are known to contain many active compounds, one of which is phenolics, which also play a role in sunscreen activity. The purpose of this study was to determine the total phenolic content and sunscreen activity of 96% ethanol extract of fresh sea grapes (Caulerpa racemosa) using the UAE (Ultrasound Assisted Extraction) method. This research is an experimental study, namely the determination of total phenolic content and sunscreen activity of 96% ethanol extract of sea grapes (Caulerpa racemosa) using the UAE (Ultrasound Assisted Extraction) extraction method with 96% ethanol solvent and phytochemical screening tests were carried out. Secondary metabolites found in fresh sea grapes positively contain phenolic compounds. The results of the total phenolic content contained in sea grape ethyl acetate extract using the Ultrasound Assisted Extraction (UAE) method showed an average total phenolic content of 1.30%. The Sun Protection Factor (SPF) value for the 96% ethanol extract of sea grapes (Caulerpa racemosa) is 4.43, which is included in the minimal protection category
The Relationship Between Knowledge Level, Education, and Income with the Use of IUD Birth Control in Couples of Childbearing Age (PUS) in Karanganyar Village, Demak Regency
Contraceptive methods are efforts to prevent pregnancy, this effort can be temporary, it can also be permanent. One type of contraceptive that has high effectiveness is the IUD (Intra Uterine Defices). IUD contraception is one of the long-standing contraceptive methods of choice for most women due to its safety and effectiveness (97-99%). The use of IUD birth control is still low compared to the number of active birth control participants, both at the national level (Indonesia) and at the regional level (Karanganyar Village). There are several factors that cause the use of birth control IUDs to be low, including: knowledge, education, and income. The type of research used is quantitative research with a cross sectional design. The research was conducted in Karanganyar Village, Demak Regency with a population of 649 PUS and a sample of 87 PUS. The sampling technique used is cluster random sampling using questionnaire instruments and data analysis used bivariate analysis, namely the Chi Square Test. The results showed that PUS in Karanganyar Village, Demak Regency mostly had less knowledge (51.7%), educated ≥ high school (62.1%), low-income (79.3%), and used injectable contraceptives as many as 60 PUS (69.0%). There was a relationship between the level of knowledge and the use of IUD birth control in couples of childbearing age (PUS) in Karanganyar Village, Demak Regency (p-value 0.000 < 0.05). There was no relationship between education level and the use of birth control IUDs in couples of childbearing age (PUS) in Karanganyar Village, Demak Regency (p-value 0.273 > 0.05). There was a relationship between income level and the use of birth control IUD in couples of childbearing age (PUS) in Karanganyar Village, Demak Regency (p-value 0.026 < 0.05).
The Effect Of Providing Play Therapy (Pictorial Number Card Media) On Increasing Understanding Of Simple Counting In School-Age Children With Intellectual Disabilities
. Children with intellectual disabilities are individuals who have limitations in intellectual and adaptive functioning, including difficulties in understanding basic numeracy concepts. Numeracy skills are fundamental and essential for daily life; however, children with intellectual impairments often struggle to recognize numerical symbols and associate them with actual quantities. This issue demands a learning method that is not only enjoyable but also tailored to their learning style through a more effective visual and concrete approach. One approach considered to meet these needs is play therapy using pictured number card media. This media presents numbers accompanied by engaging illustrations, making it easier for children to understand numerical concepts through direct experience and interaction. This study aims to determine the effect of play therapy on improving basic numeracy understanding in school-aged children with intellectual disabilities at SDLB Negeri Pati. The method was quantitative with a pre-experimental design of the one-group pre-test and post-test type. The sample consisted of 49 elementary school-aged students with intellectual disabilities, selected using purposive sampling. The instruments were pictured number card media and a basic numeracy questionnaire administered before and after the intervention. The results showed a significant increase in post-test scores compared to pre-test scores. Most respondents experienced improvement in recognizing and understanding number symbols from 1 to 10 after participating in play therapy. Therefore, it can be concluded that play therapy using pictured number card media is effective in improving basic numeracy understanding in school-aged children with intellectual disabilities and can serve as an alternative learning method in special education settings.
The Effect of Variations in Citric Acid and Sodium Bicarbonate Concentrations on the Physical Properties of Effervescent Granules from a Combination of Pineapple Juice (Ananas Comosus L. (Merr)) and Dragon Fruit Juice (Hylocereus Polyrhizus)
Pineapple and dragon fruit have good antioxidant content so that they can be developed into more attractive preparations, one of which is effervescent granules with varying concentrations of citric acid and sodium bicarbonate. This study aims to determine the effect of variations in citric acid and sodium bicarbonate concentrations on the physical properties of effervescent granules. Method: This study is an experimental study with a combination of pineapple juice and dragon fruit juice formulated in effervescent granule preparations with varying concentrations of citric acid and sodium bicarbonate. The physical properties were then tested including pH, water content, flow rate, angle of repose, dissolving time and Loss On Drying (LOD). Results: The results of this study showed that the three formulas met the requirements except for the examination of pH in F1 and angle of repose in F2, F3 did not meet the requirements. pH ranged from 4-7, moisture content between 0,40-1,00%, flow speed between 5,35-9,96 seconds, angle of repose 39.11-48.92, dissolving time between 3,01-1,48 seconds and Loss On Drying (LOD) ranged from 1,31- 4,4%. Conclusion: The higher concentration variation of citric acid and sodium bicarbonate affects pH, water content, flow rate, angle of repose, dissolving time and Loss On Drying (LOD).
PERINEUM PROTECTION THROUGH RESCUE HAND POSITION: AN ANALYSIS OF IMPACT AND CLINICAL OUTCOMES
Abstract. Perineal rupture is known as one of the main causes of postpartum hemorrhage, including tears in the perineal tissue between the vulva and anus that occurs when the fetal head and shoulders pass through the birth canal. The incidence of perineal lacerations increases sharply during rapid and uncontrolled second-stage labor, especially when positioning and hand pressure are suboptimal. According to the POPRACT study (2020), maternal positioning with good sacral flexibility can significantly reduce the risk of second-degree lacerations. Based on the results of observations at several maternity clinics, out of 50 mothers giving birth, 60% of them experienced spontaneous perineal tears. This was because the attendants in preparing for the delivery of the baby did not comply with the APN technique, so the risk of perineal tears was greater. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact and clinical outcomes of perineal protection through the position of the rescuer's hands on perineal rupture. The research method used in this study was observational. The population in this study was all midwives who assisted spontaneous deliveries at the Asy Safira Clinic, using a total sampling technique taken using consecutive sampling based on a predetermined time. The results of the study showed that most of the second stage birth attendants' hand positions did not comply with the APN of 21 people (55.3%). 50% of cases of normal delivery assistance resulted in second-degree perineal tears. The results of the analysis using chi-square, obtained a significance number (p value) = 0.550 and. Because the p value <0.05, which means that "protection of the perineum through the position of the attendant's hands has an impact and clinical results on the incidence of perineal rupture".These results indicate that the hand position of the birth attendant significantly influences the incidence of perineal tears, with an odds ratio (OR) of 10.667 (95% CI: 1.227–110.953). This indicates that proper hand position can reduce the risk of perineal tears by up to 10.667 times.
Trends and Developments in Holistic Mental Health Approaches for People Living with HIV/AIDS: A Bibliometric Study
Background: The integration of mental health into HIV care has gained momentum in recent years, driven by evidence showing that psychosocial factors significantly influence treatment adherence and quality of life among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Holistic approaches, which combine biomedical, psychological, and social support, are increasingly recognized as essential to effective HIV management. Objective: This study aims to explore scholarly trends and developments in holistic mental health interventions for PLWHA through a bibliometric analysis, identifying key themes, research patterns, and influential contributors in the field. Methods: A bibliometric analysis was conducted using the Scopus database, targeting publications from 2021 to 2025. A total of 111 peer-reviewed articles were selected based on relevance to mental health care and interdisciplinary or holistic approaches for PLWHA. Data were analyzed using VOSviewer to visualize co-authorship, keyword clusters, and research networks. Results: The number of publications on holistic mental health in HIV care has steadily increased. Psychology and nursing were the most prominent subject areas, highlighting the field’s interdisciplinary nature. Nurses played a critical role in delivering frontline mental health support. Mobile health (mHealth) and peer-based interventions emerged as key innovations. Research output was dominated by high-income countries, with the United States, the United Kingdom, and South Africa leading in publication volume. Common research themes included stigma reduction, self-efficacy, and technology-based interventions. Conclusion: Holistic mental health care for PLWHA is an expanding area of research characterized by interdisciplinary collaboration and innovative delivery models. Despite progress, more inclusive, scalable, and context-sensitive approaches are needed, particularly in low-resource settings. Strengthening the role of nurses, embracing digital tools, and addressing structural stigma are essential to advancing mental health equity in HIV services.
The Effect Of Reminiscence Therapy And Progressive Muscle Relaxation On Reducing Depression In Elderly Patients With Hypertension
Hypertension is a deadly disease that makes elderly people with hypertension feel afraid, anxious, stressed and worried. If it is not treated immediately, it will cause depression. Signs and symptoms of hypertension such as headaches, nosebleeds, red face, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, shortness of breath, anxiety, low quality of life, susceptible to psychosocial problems, one of which is depression. There are ways to reduce the level of depression in the elderly with hypertension, namely by reminiscence therapy and progressive muscle relaxation. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of reminiscence therapy and progressive muscle relaxation on reducing depression in the elderly with hypertension. This study used the Pre-Experiment method with the One Group Pre-Post Test design. The sampling technique used purposive sampling of 10 respondents with the criteria of elderly respondents who experienced depression with primary hypertension stage 1 with mild depression according to the GDS with a score of 5-8. The analysis of this study used univariate and bivariate with the Paired T-Test. Reminiscence therapy and progressive muscle relaxation were carried out for 5 meetings with a duration of each therapy for 30 minutes. The measuring instruments used were the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) and sphygmomanometer. Measurement of depression and blood pressure scales was carried out before and after the procedure. Based on the results of the study and the results of the analysis that had been carried out using the Paired T-Test statistical test, a p-value of 0.000 (<0.05) was obtained, so it can be concluded that statistically there is an Effect of Reminiscence Therapy and Progressive Muscle Relaxation on Reducing Depression in the Elderly.
Case Study: Effectiveness Of Rom (Range Of Motion) Measures In Type Ii Dm (Diabetes Mellitus) Patients Undergoing Palliative Care
Background: Diabetes Mellitus is included in group metabolic disorders with characteristics hyperglycemia that occurs consequence abnormalities insulin secretion , insulin action or both of them . With prevalence improvement sufferers every the year with complications diabetic wounds or gangrene wounds . From the disease and complications of Diabetes Mellitus cause problem nursing intolerance impactful activities​ No fulfillment activity daily so that needed monitoring in a way special . Purpose : to know effectiveness ROM (Range Of Motion) measures in type II DM patients undergoing maintenance palliative . Method : Type study This is qualitative Descriptive with method approach studies case using 1 respondent who had Diabetes Mellitus Type II with problem intolerance activities and living maintenance Palliative care . The research location was in the ICU of Dr. Soetomo General Hospital. Loekmono Holy Gift 2025. Results: After being carried out exercise range movement passive for 3 days received​ day 1 strength muscle extremities on right 3 and left 3. Extremities lower right 2 and left 2. Day 2 strength muscle extremities on right 3 and left 3, extremities lower right 2 and left 2. Day 3 strength muscle extremities on right 4 and left 4, extremities lower right 3 and left 3. Conclusion: ROM actions in patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type II is capable increase strength muscle patients , so that problem intolerance patient activity​ can resolved part for 3 days
Analysis of Secondary Metabolite Compounds of Ethyl Acetate Fraction And Chloroform Fraction of Parijoto Fruit (Medinilla Speciosa B) Using GC-MS
Parijoto fruit (Medinilla speciosa Blume) is an endemic fruit around Mount Muria, Kudus, Central Java. Local people utilise parijoto as a traditional herbal medicine. The utilisation is due to the content of metabolite compounds, such as tannins, flavonoids, phenolics, terpenoids, and others. In order for parijoto fruit to be utilised properly, appropriate extraction and fractionation methods are needed. Thus, the bioactive compounds of parijoto fruit can be extracted optimally. The purpose of this study was to analyse the content of secondary metabolite compounds in methanol extract of parijoto fruit (Medinilla speciosa Blume) ethyl acetate fraction and chloroform fraction. The method used is processing simplisia until dry simplisia is obtained and extracted using maceration method and liquid-liquid fractionation using ethyl acetate fraction and chloroform fraction to obtain these fractions. Test analysis using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC- MS). Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of methanol extract of ethyl acetate fraction has more active compounds than methanol extract of chloroform fraction. The active compounds of methanol extract of ethyl acetate fraction are dimethyl sulfate, pentanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, octadecanoic acid, 8-cyclohexadecen-1-one, 10-undecenal, tetracosanoic acid, eicosanoic acid, 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, and cyclopentanethiol. The active compounds of chloroform fraction methanol extract are glycine, pyridine, aldosterone, combretastatin, and cobalt. There are secondary metabolite compounds in methanol extract of ethyl acetate fraction and chloroform fraction, namely 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid and bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (30.59% area), pyridine, aldosterone, combretastatin, and cobalt (21.55% area), octadecanoic acid (12,49% area), cyclopentanethiol (11.40% area), glycine (9.84% area), hexadecanoic acid (9.14% area), 10-undecenal (8.75% area), tetracosanoic acid and eicosanoic acid (4.21% area), dimethyl sulfate and pentanoic acid (3.74% area), and 8-cyclohexadecen-1-one (1.75% area).
Factors Associated with the Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Women at Kayen Regional Public Hospital
The International Diabetes Federation Atlas reports that the number of people with diabetes worldwide has reached 463 million and is projected to increase by 51% to around 700 million by 2045. In 2019, the global prevalence of diabetes in individuals aged 20–79 years was 9.3%. The Health Office of Pati Regency in 2018 reported that type 2 diabetes mellitus constituted 19.33% of all reported non-communicable disease cases, totaling 9,676 cases. This study aims to identify factors associated with the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in women at Kayen Regional Public Hospital, Pati Regency. This quantitative research used a cross-sectional design with a sample of 89 women, selected through random sampling. The research instrument was a questionnaire administered directly at Kayen Regional Public Hospital. Data analysis included univariate and bivariate analyses using the Chi-Square test. The findings indicate significant associations between age and the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (p-value = 0.0001), genetic factors (p-value = 0.0001), body mass index (p-value = 0.0001), physical activity (p-value = 0.0001), history of hypertension (p-value = 0.0001), and educational level (p-value = 0.002). In conclusion, the factors significantly associated with the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in women at Kayen Regional Public Hospital include age, genetic predisposition, body mass index, physical activity, hypertension history, and educational level.
The Relationship Of Family Support On The Quality Of Life Of Leper Patients
The discovery of leprosy cases in Blora Regency continues to experience a fluctuating increase over the last 5 years 2020-2024 with the number of new cases discovered as many as 234 people, and experienced a significant increase with the existence of a leprosy screening program with the largest number of findings at the Kunduran health center. One of the factors causing this disease is a lack of support from family members. Poor family support is a factor in decreased productivity, decreased personal and social relationships and even depression which has negative implications for the quality of life of leprosy sufferers. Determine the relationship between family support and the quality of life of leprosy sufferers at the Kunduran health center. The type of research used is quantitative correlation/case control research with correlation test analysis (Rank-Spearman). The sampling technique used was total sampling. The total sample was 35 patients at the Kunduran Community Health Center based on data from the Blora District Health Service for 2020-2024. That the quality of life of leprosy sufferers in the poor category is more often found in leprosy sufferers who do not receive family support (20.0%), while the quality of life of leprosy sufferers in the good category is more often found in leprosy sufferers who receive family support (68,6% ). From this study, it was concluded that the results of bivariate rank-spearman analysis concluded that family support was significantly related to the quality of life of leprosy sufferers (p-value = 0.000), correlation coefficient 0,701
Level Of Compliance With The Use Of Anti-Epileptic Medication In Outpatient Patients At RS X Jepara
Epilepsy is a recurrent paroxysmal seizure attack without provocation, with an interval of more than 24 hours. The most common symptom of epilepsy is seizures. Compliance with taking medication in epilepsy patients is one of the important factors for the success of therapy. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of compliance with the use of anti-epileptic drugs at X Hospital Jepara. This study is a descriptive observational study with quantitative data types. Data collection was carried out prospectively in April-May 2023 by observing some objects. The subjects in this study were 70 respondents, and data collection used the MMAS-8 questionnaire. The results of the questionnaire score have 3 categories: high compliance score 8, moderate compliance 6-7, and low compliance <6. Based on this study, it shows that people with epilepsy based on male gender were 39 respondents (55.7%) more than women. Based on age characteristics, the largest number was found in the adult group (26-45 years) at 32 respondents (45.7%). Based on the highest level of education, 32 respondents (45.7%) were at the high school level, while based on occupation, the most were housewives, 23 respondents (32.9%). Based on the profile of drug use, there are 2 therapies, namely a combination of 2 drugs (polytherapy) and monotherapy. The most common use of polytherapy is Valproic acid and Phenytoin, 43 respondents (61.43%), while the most frequently used monotherapy is Phenytoin, 17 respondents (24.29%). Based on the level of compliance, it is relatively low, namely 45 respondents (64.3%). Judging from the characteristics based on age, most are adults (26-45 years), based on gender, the most are male, the highest level of education is high school, and based on occupation, the most are housewives. Based on the profile of the use of polytherapy drugs, the most frequently used are Valproic acid and Phenytoin, while the most frequent monotherapy drug is phenytoin. The level of compliance with the use of outpatient epilepsy medication at X Hospital Jepara is relatively low.
A Protocol of Model Applied For Family Empowerment, Scoping Review
Family empowerment is a critical strategy in health and social care that emphasizes the capacity of families to make informed decisions, actively participate in caregiving, and improve their quality of life as well as their members. This scoping review aims to map the existing literature on models applied for family empowerment across three distinct settings: hospital, community, and community-hospital. Specifically, it seeks to identify the theoretical frameworks used, the key components of each model, and the reported outcomes on family capacity. Objective : To map and analyze the use of theoretical and conceptual models in family empowerment intervention across healthcare settings. Methods: this scoping review protocol were used accorsing to preferred reporting items for scoping review (PRISMA-P) 2020. Data extraction and screening using EndNote sofware. A comprehensive literature search was conducted on May 11 – 12 2025 no limit time. The data taken is related model/theory, family, empowerment. Result: A comprehensive search of seven databases resulted in the identification of 595 articles. From cochrain(163), ebsco (30), scopus (206), proquest (30), scienceDirect(51), web of science (115), and pubmed (0). From the abstract screening results, 71 articles were obtained that were eligible for full-text assessment. The review is expected to be completed and published by the end of 2025. Discussion: This study can be a valuable reference for future research endeavors, particularly those employing deductive methodologies. It offers guidance in selecting appropriate theories or models that can be applied to further studies.
Literature Review: Telenursing in Palliative Care for Children with Cancer
Children with cancer often require continuous, holistic palliative care to manage both physical symptoms and psychosocial needs. However, limited access to in-person services—especially in rural or underserved areas—poses a significant barrier. Telenursing, as a form of telehealth, offers an innovative approach to delivering pediatric palliative care remotely. This literature review aims to explore the impact of telenursing in supporting palliative care among children with cancer. The review followed a PRISMA-based selection process, including seven primary research articles published between 2021 and 2025, sourced from both international and Indonesian journals. Studies were included if they focused on pediatric cancer patients (≤18 years) and examined telenursing or telepalliative interventions. Thematic synthesis identified four main findings: (1) improved accessibility and service efficiency, (2) enhanced self-management of symptoms, (3) high family satisfaction, and (4) emotional and spiritual support. Evidence shows that telenursing reduces logistical burdens, improves symptom monitoring, and facilitates meaningful communication between families and healthcare providers. However, challenges such as digital literacy gaps, infrastructural limitations, and lack of regulation remain. The review concludes that telenursing is a valuable complement to in-person pediatric palliative care, particularly when integrated with culturally sensitive practices and supported by healthcare policies. Future efforts should focus on strengthening infrastructure, nurse training, and equitable policy frameworks to support the expansion of pediatric telenursing service
The Effect of Acupressure on Pericardium Point 6 on the Reduction of Vomiting in Pregnant Women in the First Trimester
Pregnancy lasts from the first trimester, second trimester, to the third trimester. In the first trimester, pregnant women may experience Emesis gravidarum, which is a common complaint in early pregnancy, occurring at 8-12 weeks of gestation due to an increase in the hormone hCG. The incidence of emesis gravidarum in the world reaches 12.5%, in Indonesia it is 1-3%, and in Central Java, it reaches 56.60%. Emesis gravidarum, if not addressed promptly, can lead to hyperemesis gravidarum, with signs and symptoms including weakness, dehydration, and decreased urination frequency. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of acupressure therapy on the pericardium 6 point on the reduction of emesis gravidarum in first trimester pregnant women. This research method is quantitative, using a pre-experimental type of study with a one group pretest and posttest without control design, involving 16 respondents selected based on inclusion criteria, conducted for 4 days with a duration of 7 minutes. The measurement of gravidarum emesis was conducted using the Rhodes Index of Nausea Vomiting and Retching (INVR). The study results showed an average decrease in INVR. The average reduction was 8 points after the P6 acupressure therapy intervention. The average before the intervention was 11.88 with a minimum of 8 (mild nausea and vomiting) and a maximum of 15 (moderate nausea and vomiting), whereas after performing acupressure at the Pericardium 6 point, it was 3.11 with a minimum of 1 (mild nausea and vomiting) and a maximum of 6 (mild nausea and vomiting), with a significance p value of 0.000. There is an influence of acupressure at the Pericardium 6 point on the reduction of gravidarum emesis in pregnant women in the first trimester.
Antipyretic Effect of Combination of Moringa Leaf Extract and Andrographis paniculata Ness on Mice Induced by 5% Peptone
Fever is a physiological response of the body to infection or inflammation, characterized by an increase in body temperature above 37.5°C. Antipyretic drugs such as paracetamol are commonly used to reduce fever through the mechanism of prostaglandin inhibition in the central nervous system. The purpose of this study was to determine the antipyretic effectiveness of Moringa oleifera leaf extract and Andrographis paniculata leaf extract in mice induced with 5% peptone, and to compare it with the positive control (paracetamol). The study was conducted in vivo with a pre and post test group design using 30 mice divided into five groups, each consisting of 6 mice. The negative control group (K−) was given 0.5% CMC Na, the positive control (K+) was given 1.3 mg paracetamol, the K1 group was given 400 mg/kg BW of Andrographis paniculata extract, the K2 group was given 400 mg/kg BW of moringa extract, and the K3 group was given a combination of Andrographis paniculata and moringa extracts of 200 mg/kg BW each. Fever induction was carried out by administering 5% peptone, and temperature measurements were taken at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. The results of the analysis showed that the combination of extracts in the K3 group was able to significantly reduce the body temperature of mice, and had comparable effectiveness to the positive control group (paracetamol), with a p value = 0.561 (p> 0.05). Thus, the combination of Andrographis paniculata and moringa leaf extracts has the potential as an alternative natural antipyretic.
Anti-Dandruff Shampoo Gel Formulation from Pandan Leaf Juice (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) As Antifungal Malassezia furfur
The tropical climate in Indonesia causes dandruff problems due to moisture in the scalp so that fungi are easy to breed. The fungus that causes dandruff is Mlassezia furfur. Compounds that can kill fungi are flavonoid compounds where these compounds are contained in fragrant pandan leaves. So that it can be formulated into an anti-dandruff shampoo gel preparation. Pandan leaf juice is formulated as an active ingredient in shampoo gel preparations with varying concentrations of F0, F1, F2, F3. Making fragrant pandan leaf juice using the filtration method, namely filtering twice so that it can be filtered without leaving residue so that no pandan leaves enter except the filtrate. As for the antifungal test using the disc diffusion method. Phytochemical screening test positive results containing flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, essential oils negative results on 10% NaOH flavonoids and Alkaloids with Dragendorf reagent. The organoleptic test of F0, F1, F2, F3 had a gel texture, pandan aroma and color from clear white to clear dark green. The pH test for F0 is 7 while F1, F2, and F3 are 5. The foam height test from F0, F1, F2, F3 is 4.2 cm 4.5 cm 5.5 cm 5.8 cm, respectively. antifungal tests at concentrations of 12.5%, 25% and F1, F2, F3 were intermediate, while 50% were sensitive, while control (+) was very sensitive. The fragrant pandan leaf juice can be formulated into an anti-dandruff shampoo gel preparation. The preparation of the anti-dandruff shampoo gel formula with pandan leaf juice fulfilled the physical properties test, namely pH test, organoleptic test, and high foam test. Fragrant pandan leaf juice and shampoo gel formula were tested for antifungal and had antifungal inhibition at all concentrations.
Formulation Lip Balm Combination Of Moringa Seed Oil (Moringa oleifera L.) As An Emolient And Red Dragon Fruit Extract (Hylocereus polyrhizus) As An Natural Color
Indonesia is a tropical country full of sunshine. Sunlight when it hits the skin directly, will cause hyperpigmentation and dryness of the skin, especially the lips. To protect the lips from drying out, a lip balm that has a moisturizing effect can be given. A natural ingredient that has a moisturizing effect is Moringa seed oil (Moringa oleifera L.) because it contains oleic acid and antioxidants. In addition to moisturizing lip balm, the dye can also be added to make it more attractive. The dyes used should not be toxic. Natural ingredients that can be used as natural dyes are red dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) which contains anthocyanins. This study aims to formulate lip balm preparations combined with Moringa seed oil (Moringa oleifera L.) as an emollient and red dragon fruit juice (Hylocereus polyrhizus) as a natural dye. Moringa seed oil combined with red dragon fruit juice is formulated in the form of lip balm with different concentrations of Moringa seed oil and red dragon fruit juice, F0 base, F1 13.5% and 6%, F2 15.5% and 8%, F3 17.5% and 10%. Lip balm preparation Physical properties such as organoleptic test, homogeneity, pH test, dispersion test, melting point, and hedonic test. The results showed that increasing the concentration of Moringa seed oil and dragon fruit juice could affect the physical properties, namely lowering the pH value and melting point, increasing spreadability. The hedonic/preferred test with color and texture observations showed different results, namely the most preferred color observation was F3, the most preferred aroma was F0, the most preferred texture was F3. The combination of Moringa seed oil and dragon fruit juice formulated into lip balm preparations produces good physical properties and affects the level of preference of the panelists.
An Evaluative Study of the Rationality of Antibiotic Use in Children with Outpatient Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) at the Fastabiq Sehat Pati Clinic in 2021
Acute Respiratory Tract Infection (ARI) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children, especially in developing countries. Irrational antibiotic use in the treatment of ARI remains a common problem, even though most cases are self-limiting. This study aims to evaluate the rationality of antibiotic use based on the 4T parameters (correct dose, correct drug, correct indication, and correct interval of administration) in pediatric patients with ARI outpatients at the Fastabiq Sehat Pati Clinic during 2021. This is a descriptive study with a retrospective approach of 31 pediatric patients aged 5–13 years who received antibiotics and had complete medical records and prescriptions. Data were analyzed based on standards from the British National Formulary (BNF) 74th edition, Drug Information Handbook (DIH) 17th edition, and other therapeutic guidelines. The results showed that the majority of patients were female (64.5%) and aged 5 years (42%). The most commonly prescribed antibiotics were amoxicillin dry syrup (48.39%) and tablets (32.26%). The rationality evaluation showed 100% indication accuracy, 96.8% time interval accuracy, 77.4% medication accuracy, and 54.8% dosage accuracy. Although most rationality parameters were met, inaccuracies remained, particularly in dosage and drug selection. Regular evaluation and increased adherence to therapy guidelines are needed to prevent antibiotic resistance and ensure the effectiveness of ARI treatment in children.
Implementation of Spiritual Health (SS) for the Elderly at Griya Wreda Surabaya
The implementation of Spiritual Health is aimed at providing solutions to the identity, activity, and health issues of the elderly at Griya Wreda Jambangan. Based on a comprehensive situation analysis, the elderly require strengthening their identity, religious, and spiritual activities to improve their health, create a happy elderly population, and prepare for a peaceful end of life in accordance with their respective religions. The purpose of this community service is to improve the spirituality of the elderly at Griya Wreda Surabaya. This community service program was conducted in three stages: preparation, implementation, and evaluation. Thirty-two Muslim elderly residents at the Griya Wreda Surabaya UPTD were targeted. The spiritual approach used included intention, beginning with "basmalah" (praise be to God) and ending with "alkhamdulillah" (praise be to God), as well as gratitude and resignation (repentance). The media used for this community service were intention and worship leaflets. Results of community service throughoutElderly people perform their intentions, which are recited according to the activity they are undertaking. They also recite the basmalah (praise be to God) before any activity and the hamdalah (praise be to God) after completion. The final stage is gratitude and resignation by surrendering all affairs to Allah. Elderly people replace complaints with positive ones, such as asking for forgiveness and asking for the truth (taahi). Elderly people who have been blessed with a long life are expected to become more devout and devout in their worship of Allah. This is also intended to prepare them for achieving a good end at the end of their lives
Climate Change and its Impact on Environmental Health
Climate change has become a global issue that has a significant impact on ecosystem balance and environmental health. This process not only involves increasing global temperatures, but also includes extreme phenomena such as changes in weather patterns, rising sea levels, and changes in the hydrological cycle. These phenomena directly threaten the sustainability of ecosystems, affect the balance of species, and impact human health. Rising temperatures and erratic weather patterns have accelerated the spread of infectious diseases, such as malaria and dengue fever, due to the expansion of the range of disease-carrying vectors. The method used in this article is a literature study which aims to analyze the impact of climate change on environmental health. This process involves collecting, evaluating, and synthesizing information from a variety of academic sources and current research relevant to the topic. By utilizing reports from international organizations such as the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), as well as studies conducted by research institutions and academics, this article will outline the various impacts of climate change, including ecosystem changes, phenomena related to climate change, the spread of disease, food security, and mitigation efforts.
Antiacne Activity Test of Mangosteen Peel Extract Cream (Garcinia Mangostana L.) Against Propionibacterium Acnes
The face is a part of the body that is often contaminated by bacteria, one way to eliminate bacteria on the face is by using acne cream. Mangosteen peel has antibacterial activity, and mangosteen peel can be used as an acne cream preparation. The purpose of this study was to determine whether mangosteen peel extract has antibacterial activity, with a series of concentrations of 5 grams, 10 grams, and 15 grams as a formula for acne cream preparations from mangosteen peel extract, which will be tested against Propionibacterium acnes bacteria. Mangosteen peel extract contains secondary metabolite compounds including flavonoids, saponins, and tannins. The mangosteen peel extract cream preparation has a distinctive mangosteen peel odor, is brown in color, and has a non-sticky texture. The antibacterial activity of the mangosteen peel extract cream preparation has an inhibitory power of 2.9 cm in formula III.
The Effect of Mindfulness on Reducing Anxiety Levels in Third-Trimester Primigravida Pregnant Women in the Working Area of Margorejo Public Health Center, Pati Regency
Anxiety during pregnancy, particularly in third-trimester primigravida mothers, can affect both maternal and fetal well-being. If not properly managed, anxiety poses a risk of complications during pregnancy, labor, and the postpartum period. One non-pharmacological intervention that can be used to reduce anxiety is mindfulness. Mindfulness is a technique that focuses on enhancing an individual’s awareness of the present moment fully and non-judgmentally, which is believed to reduce anxiety symptoms and improve emotional regulation. This study aims to examine the effect of mindfulness on anxiety levels in third-trimester primigravida pregnant women in the working area of Margorejo Public Health Center, Margorejo Subdistrict, Pati Regency. This study employed a pre-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest approach. A total of 12 respondents participated in the mindfulness intervention, and anxiety levels were measured before and after the intervention using the validated Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS). The analysis showed that the mean anxiety level before the intervention was 22.25 with a standard deviation of 5.529 and a standard error of 1.596. After the intervention, the mean anxiety level decreased to 17.92 with a standard deviation of 3.502 and a standard error of 1.011. Statistical testing yielded a p-value of 0.03, indicating a significant difference in anxiety levels before and after the intervention. Therefore, it can be concluded that the mindfulness intervention had a significant effect in reducing anxiety levels among third-trimester primigravida pregnant women.
Preparation of Nanoparicle of Papaya (Carica Papaya L. Var. Callina) Fruit Shakes by Using Ionic Gelation Methods
Nanoparticles are drug delivery systems that can increase the effectiveness of active ingredients. Papaya fruit sap (Carica papaya L. var. Callina) is known to contain active compounds such as papain, flavonoids, and saponins that have antibacterial potential. This study aims to make and characterize nanoparticles from papaya fruit sap powder using ionic gelation method. Papaya gum powder was obtained through a drying process with the addition of sodium metabisulfite, then formulated into nanoparticles using chitosan and sodium tripolyphosphate (NaTPP). Characterization tests included percent transmittance (UV-Vis), particle size and zeta potential (PSA), and morphology (SEM). The results showed that the nanoparticles had an average particle size of 58.3 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.429 and a zeta potential value of +26.61 mV. The particle morphology showed irregular shape and agglomeration. This study proves that papaya fruit gum powder nanoparticles can be prepared by ionic gelation method and show good physicochemical characteristics.
The Effect Of Strecht Exercise On Low Back Pain In Pregnant Women In The Thirty-Third Trimester At Pati I Public Health Center, Pati District
In the third trimester of pregnancy, discomfort in the lower back occurs due to changes in the musculoskeletal system. The impact of back pain can disrupt the quality of life of pregnant women, such as daily activities, walking, exercise, sleep quality, stress, and insomnia. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of stretch exercises on low back pain in pregnant women in the third trimester at the Pati I Community Health Center, Pati Regency. The benefit of this study is to increase pregnant women's insight into the benefits of stretch exercises in reducing low back pain intensity. This study used a pre-experimental design with a One Group Pre-Test Post-Test approach. The population in this study were pregnant women in the third trimester with low back pain. Sampling used a purposive sampling technique. A total of 27 respondents were given stretch exercises for one month with a frequency of 8 times, performed twice a week for 10 minutes. Univariate analysis was carried out by calculating the average value. Bivariate analysis used the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test.Statistical test results show a difference in low back pain in pregnant women in the third trimester before and after stretching exercises. The Asymp.Sig (2-tailed) value is 0.000 <0.05. Lower back pain before stretching exercises in pregnant women in the third trimester was categorized as severe pain with a mean value of 7.11, while after the intervention, the mean value was 1.52, and the mild pain category. Pregnant women in the third trimester should practice stretching exercises to relieve lower back pain.
Patient Safety Culture Based on Structural Empowerment and Nurses’ Job Satisfaction: a Cross Sectional Study
Low job satisfaction rates among nurses in hospitals are a common problem in many countries. Likewise, job satisfaction by nurses in Indonesia is still relatively low. one of the regions namely Manado as much as 51.7%. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between patient safety culture and job satisfaction of nurses in the Inpatient Room of Ibnu Sina Islamic Hospital Pekanbaru. This study uses a quantitative design with a cross sectional approach. The research sample was 50 people obtained by the Stratified Random Sampling technique. The results of the study were obtained by 33 people with high job satisfaction as nurses by implementing a patient safety culture, as many as 21 people with presentations (63.6%). The results showed that there was a relationship between patient safety culture and job satisfaction of nurses in the inpatient room of Ibn Sina Islamic Hospital, Pekanbaru (p-value =0.004). It is hoped that nurses can maintain and improve the patient safety culture because the patient safety culture can affect the job satisfaction of nurses.
Analysis of Factors Related to Stunting Incidence: Cross Sectional Study
Stunting which is characterised by the growth of children and is hampered due to insufficient nutritional intake during pregnancy and the first 1000 days of life, usually begins to be seen significantly after the child reaches the age of 24 months. Socioeconomic factors such as family education and income affect children's nutrition through access to food and purchasing power. Malnutrition for the mother can cause infants to be born with low body weight and disrupt foetal growth, increasing the risk of stunting in children. Breastfeeding patterns, a lack of food intake, and infectious diseases also contribute to the risk of stunting. This study aims to identify the factors that influence stunting in toddlers aged 24-59 months in the working area of Apit Sungai Puskesmas, Siak Regency. Analytical observational studies with a latitude design are carried out from October 2023 to January 2024. The study population includes all toddlers aged 24-59 months, with a total sample of 46 selected through total sampling. Data was collected through the distribution of questionnaires and analysed using the Chi-Square test. Most toddlers have a normal birth weight (71.7%), while most do not get exclusive breastfeeding (67.4%). In addition, most mothers have low knowledge about stunting (65.2%), and most families have low income (78.3%). Furthermore, most toddlers experience stunting (30.2%). This study identifies the relationship between birth weight (p = 0.000), exclusive breastfeeding (p = 0.004), maternal knowledge level (p = 0.004), and family income level (p = 0.004) and stunting in the working area of Sungai Apit Puskesmas, Siak Regency.
DESCRIPTION OF ANXIETY LEVELS OF CANCER PATIENTS WHILE UNDERGOING CHEMOTHERAPY AT RSUD RAA SOEWONDO PATI
Background: Cancer is one of the major health problems in the world. cancer is a cell that continues to grow uncontrollably, unlimited and abnormal. The growth of cancer cells is not coordinated with other tissues so it is very dangerous for the body. In Indonesia, cancer is the second leading cause of death after heart disease. The data is almost the same as that found by the Data and Information Center (Pusdatin) of the Indonesian Ministry of Health, which states that the prevalence of cancer reaches 100 thousand per year. Cancer patients must undergo therapy in order to recover. Chemotherapy is one of the cancer treatment methods that aims to destroy tumor cells by disrupting cell function and reproduction, both as an effort to cure, control, and palliative care. Chemotherapy can cause physiological and psychological effects. Physiological effects that can occur are fatigue, nausea, vomiting, changes in appetite, hair loss, constipation and pain. One of the psychological effects that often appears is anxiety. The purpose of this study was to describe the anxiety level of cancer patients who underwent chemotherapy at RSUD RAA Soewondo Pati. This type of research is descriptive quantitative. Method: The method used in this research is cross-sectional method. This type of research is descriptive quantitative. The population in this study were all cancer patients who underwent chemotherapy at RSUD RAA Soewondo Pati in 2024, which was an average of 219 per month. The sampling technique used purposive sampling technique with a total of 55 people. Results: The results of this study found mild anxiety as many as 11 people (20.0%), moderate anxiety as many as 35 people (63.6%), and severe anxiety as many as 9 people (16.4%). Conclusion: The conclusion of this study is that the anxiety of patients undergoing chemotherapy is moderate anxiety as many as 35 people (63.3%).
Identification and Analysis of Financial Loss Risk Factors in the Drug Management Cycle and its Strategies in Healthcare Facilities: A Literature Review
Effective and efficient drug management is a fundamental pillar in the healthcare system. However, inefficiencies often lead to significant financial losses due to expired drugs and dead stock, which also pose risks to patient safety. This study aims to conduct an in-depth analysis of the factors contributing to expired drug stock in healthcare facilities, particularly hospitals, to formulate targeted improvement strategies. This research was conducted using a qualitative descriptive literature review method. Data were sourced from 11 scientific articles published between 2021 and 2025, selected from Google Scholar based on inclusion criteria. The review reveals that the primary causes of expired drugs and dead stock are consistent across various hospitals, with the most common factors being inaccurate planning, changes in physicians' prescribing patterns, and inefficient storage supervision that fails to properly implement FIFO (First In, First Out) and FEFO (First Expired, First Out) principles. Other significant factors include post-pandemic demand shifts, donated drugs not matching facility needs, and mandatory stock for rare cases. Key recommended strategies focus on enhancing coordination between pharmacists and doctors, implementing improved planning methods, and optimizing inventory control through regular stocktakes and monitoring of slow-moving drugs.
Correlation Sleep Hygiene With Fatigue In Chronic Kidney Disease Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis
experience stress psychological (anxiety) and physique Which bother such as weakness and fatigue . Fatigue experienced by patients with hemodialysis can occur due to reduced erythropoietin production, and easily broken blood capillaries. Erythropoietin levels that are too low cause anemia. Sleep hygiene is a way to build a good day and night routine, as well as a comfortable and conducive bedroom environment, so that patients can sleep soundly at night. Sleep hygiene behavior consists of the sleeping environment and habits or behaviors carried out before going to bed. Changes that occur in sleep hygiene will improve quality And quantity Sleep somebody (My Lord & (Hendrati, 2015). A number of behavior sleep hygiene Which good like have timetable regular sleep and wake times, allowing the mind to calm and relax before going to bed, going to bed only when sleepy, and do not take a nap for more than 30 minutes. This study aims to determine the relationship between sleep hygiene and fatigue in chronic kidney failure patients undergoing hemodialysis. Method: : This type of research is a quantitative analytical correlational research, with a Cross Sectional research design . The population in this study were kidney failure patients. chronicle Which undergo hemodialysis in RSUD Sunan Kalijaga Demak, with the number of samples is 64 respondents. Sample in research This is patient hemodialysis who meet the inclusion criteria, have a history of hemodialysis for at least 6 months and are willing to be respondents. Results: The results of this study show that sleep hygiene is in the good category (42.2%), sleep hygiene with category currently (53.1%) And sleep hygiene with a bad category (4.7%). Also, the research results obtained patients with fatigue of (42.2%) and no fatigue of (57.8%). The results of the Spearman rank test with a value p value 0.000 <0.05 which means Ha accepted and Ho is rejected. There is the relationship between sleep hygiene and fatigue in chronic renal failure patients undergoing hemodialysis. Conclusion: There is correlation which significant between sleep hygiene with fatigue on patient chronic kidney disease which undergoing hemodialysis.
Perceived Stress and Self-Efficacy Among the Elderly in Tidal Flood-Prone Communities: A Socioepidemiological Perspective Study
The elderly population in a coastal area is exposed to dual ecological risks from tidal flooding and psychosocial stress. This study explored the relationship between perceived stress and self-efficacy among the elderly population in a community affected by tidal flooding in Demak Regency, Indonesia. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 60 elderly participants (aged > 60) from three tidal flooding villages: Purwosari, Bedono, and Sriwulan. Data on perceived stress (Perceived Stress Scale-10) and self-efficacy (General Self-Efficacy Scale) were collected pre-post. Statistical analysis included paired t-tests and Pearson correlations. The mean perceived stress score decreased from 22.1 (SD ± 5.6) to 16.8 (SD ± 6.1), while self-efficacy increased from 21.5 (SD ± 6.3) to 26.4 (SD ± 5.8). Changes in stress levels were not statistically significant (p = 0.067), but self-efficacy showed a significant increase (p < 0.01). A moderate negative correlation (r = -0.46; p < 0.01) was found between post-intervention stress and self-efficacy. Although perceived stress in elderly decreased post-intervention without reaching statistical significance, the significant increase in self-efficacy suggests the potential of community-based interventions to enhance psychosocial resilience. Integrating these strategies in areas prone to tidal flooding could improve elderly well-being and disaster preparedness.
Relationship of Active Range of Motion (Rom) Terapy With Activity of Daily Living (Adl) Compliance of Pasca Stroke Patients in Poli Syaraf RSUD Dr. R. Soetrasno Rembang
Background : Stroke disease can have effect to patient getting self care deficit and need nursing help sustainably so that gradually patient and his family can do daily activity independently. The purpose of this research to analyze relation of active ROM therapy to activity of daily living (ADL) of post stroke patient in nerve polyclinic of RSUD dr. R. Soetrasno Rembang. Methods : This study uses a type of correlation using a cross sectional approach, population are stroke patients in nerve polyclinic of rsud dr.r. soetrasno rembang in june2021 to july 2021 a number of 117 patients with sample of 64 patients. Using purposive sampling technique. Independent variabel Active ROM Therapy. Dependent variabel Activity Of Daily Living (Adl). Measurement tool with SOP and checklist by editing, coding, scoring, tabulating and data analysis use Spearman Rank test. Results : Research result showed that active ROM therapy to post stroke patient, most are enough (56,3%) a number of 36 patients. Fulfillment of Activity Of Daily Living (ADL) to post stroke patient, most are good a number of 36 patients. Based on Spearman Rank p < rho α between variable of effect of nutrition status with development of soft motoric known that p value = 0.000< 0.05, so H0 is rejected and H1 be accepted. Conclussion: There is a relationship between active ROM therapi and Activity Of Daily Living (ADL) Of Post Stroke Patient (In Nerve Polyclinic Of Rsud dr. R. Soetrasno Rembang. Active ROM Therapy can enhance the ability and independence of ADL fulfillment in accelerating the recovery process
Potential Incompatibility, Instability And Interactions Of Prescriptive Drug Containing Corticosteroids at. dr. Loekmono Hadi Kudus Hospital
Drug incompatibility can cause physical reactions, resulting in visible changes, alterations in color, consistency, or gas production. Chemical reactions are caused by molecular changes in one or more components of the solution. Corticosteroids are one of the most frequently prescribed drugs, but they carry the risk of serious side effects if not used rationally. The compounding process often results in incompatibility, instability, and drug interactions. This can reduce the effectiveness of therapy, and medication errors can occur. Compound prescriptions containing corticosteroids need to be evaluated to ensure the safety and stability of the preparation. Drug incompatibility, instability, and drug interactions can cause decreased drug activity or inactivity, the formation of new active ingredients that are toxic or non-toxic, increased toxicity, and organoleptic changes. This study is a type of quantitative data collection prospectively, which focuses on forward-looking observation starting by identifying variables from patient prescription sheets in April-May 2025 at Dr. Loekmono Hadi Kudus Hospital. The total sample in this study was 107 prescription sheets that met the inclusion criteria. The results of the study showed that the classification of patients based on the diagnosis of the most common disease was ISPA 45 (42.1%), the age criteria for recipients of pulveres prescriptions in the 0-5 year age group was the group with the largest number of patients, namely 83 people (77.6%). There was no potential for incompatibility, 0%. There was a potential for instability on the prescription sheet of 99 (92.5%). There was a potential for corticosteroid drug interactions of 2 (1.9%), indicating the presence of drug interactions. The severity of corticosteroid drug interactions that occurred was a moderate interaction of 1 (0.9%) and a major interaction of 1 (0.9%). The conclusion is that on the prescription sheet there was no potential for incompatibility 0%, there was a potential for instability of 99 (92.5%), and there were moderate, minor interactions, there were potential for corticosteroid drug interactions of 2 (1.9%), and the severity of corticosteroid drug interactions was moderate interaction of 1 (0.9%) and major interaction of 1 (0.9%).
Formulation And Quality Testing Of Cream Of Ethanol Extract Of Purslane (Portulaca Olerachea L.) Herbs
Abstract. Purslane (Portulaca olerachea L.) is a weed or wild plant that contains phenol, tannin, flavonoid, saponin, and alkaloid and some vitamins that can potentially act as antioxidants, anti-inflammatories and antibacterials. The purpose of this study was to determine a good cream formula and meet the requirements of a cream preparation. This study used a series of purslane herb extract concentrations of 0.5%, 1% and 1.5% which aimed to determine the best cream formula with various levels of active substance concentration. The preparation formula was tested in various predetermined parameters to find a good cream preparation form including organoleptic tests, homogeneity tests, pH tests, spreadability tests, adhesion tests, and cream type tests in this quality test. The results of a good cream preparation are formula 3 because it has a soft texture, good color and is quickly absorbed into the skin. The results of the study showed that the best cream formula was formula 3 with an extract concentration of 1.5% because the cream preparation had a soft texture, dark green color, a distinctive odor of purslane, a pH of 6, an average spreadability test of 6.54 cm and an adhesion test of 3,4 seconds. This shows that the formula meets the physical requirements of the cream preparation.
Level of Doctor Compliance in Writing Prescriptions For Outpatient Patients Against Hospital Formulary Suitability at Sunan Kudus Hospital
A well-functioning formulary will facilitate drug management and improve medication administration to patients. However, many hospitals still encounter obstacles. Obstacles in hospital services include doctors prescribing medications outside the formulary, doctors being unwilling to substitute prescribed medications with those available, and the pharmacy department being unable to contact the doctors. Non-compliance with the formulary can lead to shortages or gaps in medication, while on the other hand, there will be excess medication stocks. This study aims to determine the level of doctor compliance in writing prescriptions according to the Islamic Hospital Sunan Kudus Formulary. This research is a non-experimental quantitative study with a descriptive design. Data was collected retrospectively from prescriptions gathered at IFRS for January – December, with a total sample of 408 prescriptions meeting the inclusion criteria using a random sampling method. The results of this study show that 92.9% of medications available in the hospital can be considered compliant, while 77.71% of prescriptions can be said to be non-compliant with the formulary. The availability of medications is related to prescription compliance, as the significance value (2-tailed) is 0.000 < 0.05.
Student Stress Reduction Through Implementation Of Mozart Music Therapy
Stress is symptom Good physique and thought to excessive pressure. Stress​ can caused by internal and external factors. Related with compilation task end or thesis, stress factors experienced by students are self-imposed and academic pressure. Self-imposed means burdening oneself, in this situation individuals are afraid of failing to complete the thesis assignment and are afraid of not being able to make their parents proud, while academic pressure means that individuals must complete the thesis in accordance with the regulations set by the academic party. Research this aiming, for comparison before and after given Mozart music therapy and see How influence significance from the actions given. This research use pre experimental with one group pretest-posttest design. Data collection using sheet observation, SOP for Mozart music therapy, and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10). The sampling technique used was purposive sampling with inclusion criteria: final year students facing their thesis, students experiencing stress. Exclusion criteria: students who do not like music, students who refuse to be respondents. The sample used in this research was 16 people. The statistical analysis used namely the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test. The results of the study shows p-value of 0.000 which means There is influence Mozart music therapy on reducing student stress in face thesis.
The Relationship Between Chemotherapy Effects and Body Image Disturbances in Carcinoma Mammae Patients at RSUD RAA Soewondo Pati
Chemotherapy in carcinoma mammae patients is known to cause significant physical and psychological side effects, which may affect body image. This study aims to examine the relationship between chemotherapy effects and body image disturbances in patients undergoing chemotherapy at RSUD RAA Soewondo Pati. A quantitative analytic design with a cross-sectional approach was used. A total of 53 respondents were selected using accidental sampling. The data collection employed validated questionnaires of chemotherapy effects and body image disturbances. The univariate analysis revealed that 39.6% of patients experienced severe chemotherapy effects, and 62.3% had negative body image disturbances. The bivariate analysis using the Chi-Square test showed a significant relationship between chemotherapy effects and body image disturbances (p = 0.029). The study concludes that chemotherapy effects significantly influence patients’ perception of their body image. It highlights the importance of holistic nursing care that addresses both physical and psychosocial aspects of cancer treatment.
Formulation Of Herbal Soap From 96% Ethanol Extract Of Butterfly Pea Flowers (Clitorea Ternatea L.) With Variations In NaOH And Stearic Acid Concentrations
Soap is an essential hygiene product used daily. The use of herbal ingredients such as butterfly pea flowers (Clitorea ternatea L.), which contain flavonoids and antioxidant compounds, offers a natural alternative in soap making. The addition of varying concentrations of NaOH as a saponifying agent and stearic acid as a hardener is believed to affect the soap's physical qualities. This study used a laboratory experimental method with a herbal soap formulation based on 96% ethanol extract of butterfly pea flowers with the addition of varying concentrations of NaOH and stearic acid in three formula variations (F1, F2, F3). Evaluation was carried out through organoleptic tests, pH, homogeneity, foam height, and water content. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Product and Service Solution with normality tests (Shapiro-Wilk), homogeneity (Levene's), Kruskal-Wallis, and continued with the Mann-Whitney test. The test results showed that there were significant differences in pH value (p value = 0.046), foam height (p value = 0.026), and water content (p value = 0.026) between the formulas. The Mann-Whitney test showed significant differences, especially between F1 and F3. The organoleptic test results showed that all formulas had a distinctive odor, color with different intensity, and appropriate shape. The homogeneity test showed that F1 and F2 had a homogeneous texture, while F3 showed slight inhomogeneity. Overall, F2 gave the best results for all test parameters. Variations in NaOH and stearic acid concentrations affected the physical characteristics of butterfly pea herbal soap. F2 was deemed the best formula based on its pH balance, foam stability, low water content, and good appearance and texture
Panel Data Analysis of Regional Health Financing and Primary Health Care Facility Performance (FKTP) with Service Quality (TB Programme) and Community Satisfaction (IKM) in Kudus District
Background: The fluctuating nature of health financing and its fiscal dependence on the Regional Revenue and Expenditure Budget (APBD) in Indonesia poses significant challenges to the quality of primary health care facilities (FKTP) and public satisfaction. Despite reported increases in health budgets in Central Java, including Kudus District, from 2021 to 2023, this has not resulted in proportional improvements in health facility performance indicators, particularly in tuberculosis (TB) services and public satisfaction. This study examines the relationship between regional health financing, FKTP performance, TB service quality, and public satisfaction in Kudus District.
Effects of Landslide Vigilance Education toward Community Knowledge in Wetan Kali Hamlet of Rahtawu Village, Gebog District, Kudus Regency
Background: According to the 2023 data from the Kudus District Disaster Management Agency, 36 landslide incidents occurred. Slopes greater than 45% are concentrated in Gebog District, with Rahtawu Village identified as the most landslide-prone and frequently affected area. In 2021, landslides struck Wetan Kali and Semliro hamlets, damaging the village’s connecting roads. The area has steep terrain with regosol soil, and residents continue to excavate land for tourism infrastructure. This study aims to examine how landslide vigilance education influences public knowledge in Dukuh Wetan Kali, Rahtawu Village. Objective: This study aims to analyze the effect of landslide vigilance education on community knowledge in Wetan Kali hamlet, Rahtawu Village, Gebog District. Methods: This study used a quantitative quasi-experimental method with a one-group pretest-posttest design and a cross-sectional approach. The population consisted of 473 households, and the sample size of 47 was calculated using the Arikunto formula. The researcher applied random sampling to select participants. Data collection involved distributing a 10-item questionnaire on landslide vigilance knowledge and delivering educational content through a leaflet. The Wilcoxon test was used to analyze the results. Results: The Wilcoxon test yielded a p-value of 0.000 ≤ 0.05, indicating that the landslide vigilance education significantly affected community knowledge in Dukuh Wetan Kali, Rahtawu Village, Gebog District. Conclusion: Landslide vigilance education significantly increased community knowledge in Wetan Kali hamlet, Rahtawu Village, Gebog District.
Application Of Deep Breathing Exercise And Religious Music Therapy On Blood Pressure Of Elderly Hypertension Patients
Common diseases experienced by the elderly are hypertension. Cases of hypertension in Demak are quite high, one of which is in Mranggen village. From this reality, it is proven that many people still ignore hypertension. Because some sufferers do not feel symptoms and some show symptoms such as headaches, weakness, fatigue, shortness of breath and blurred vision. If not treated immediately, it will cause complications such as kidney failure, stroke, coronary heart disease and retinopathy. It is certainly important to make efforts to control blood pressure. The combination of non-pharmacological management of deep breathing exercise and religious music is one of the efforts that can be done. The purpose of the study was to describe the provision of a combination of deep breathing exercise and religious music therapy on blood pressure in elderly hypertensive patients. This study uses a descriptive case study research type with a nursing care process approach. The number of samples was 10 respondents, with the criteria of elderly patients with hypertension, clients who did not take medication during hypertension in order to determine the effectiveness of the action, clients who could communicate well, and clients who were willing to be respondents. Deep breathing exercise and religious music training were carried out once a day for 3 days in 1 week with a duration of 15 minutes. Blood pressure measurements used a sphygmomanometer and stethoscope. Blood pressure measurements were taken before and after the procedure . The results of the study showed that the blood pressure of respondent 1 before and after being given deep breathing exercise therapy and religious music for 3 consecutive days with a duration of 15 minutes, the blood pressure on the first day before receiving therapy was 160/70 mmHg and after being given therapy for 3 days on the last day the blood pressure became 150/60 mmHg. In respondent 2 before and after being given deep breathing exercise therapy and religious music for 3 consecutive days with a duration of 15 minutes, the blood pressure on the first day before receiving therapy was 179/80 mmHg and after being given therapy for 3 days on the last day the blood pressure became 156/70 mmHg. Respondent 3 before and after being given deep breathing exercise therapy and religious music for 3 consecutive days with a duration of 15 minutes, the blood pressure on the first day before receiving therapy was 180/70 mmHg and after being given therapy for 3 days on the last day the blood pressure became 150/60 mmHg. In respondent 4 before and after being given deep breathing exercise therapy and religious music for 3 consecutive days with a duration of 15 minutes, the blood pressure on the first day before receiving therapy was 189/90 mmHg and after being given therapy for 3 days on the last day the blood pressure became 166/70 mmHg. Respondent 5 before and after being given deep breathing exercise therapy and religious music for 3 consecutive days with a duration of 15 minutes, the blood pressure on the first day before receiving therapy was 160/70 mmHg and after being given therapy for 3 days on the last day the blood pressure became 140/70 mmHg. In respondent 6 before and after being given deep breathing exercise therapy and religious music for 3 consecutive days with a duration of 15 minutes, the blood pressure on the first day before receiving therapy was 179/80 mmHg and after being given therapy for 3 days on the last day the blood pressure became 170/80 mmHg. Respondent 7 before and after being given deep breathing exercise therapy and religious music for 3 consecutive days with a duration of 15 minutes, the blood pressure on the first day before receiving therapy was 180/75 mmHg and after being given therapy for 3 days on the last day the blood pressure became 140/65 mmHg. In respondent 8 before and after being given deep breathing exercise therapy and religious music for 3 consecutive days with a duration of 15 minutes, the blood pressure on the first day before receiving therapy was 179/75 mmHg and after being given therapy for 3 days on the last day the blood pressure became 140/70 mmHg. Respondent 9 before and after being given deep breathing exercise therapy and religious music for 3 consecutive days with a duration of 15 minutes, the blood pressure on the first day before receiving therapy was 160/70 mmHg and after being given therapy for 3 days on the last day the blood pressure became 150/60 mmHg. In respondent 10 before and after being given deep breathing exercise therapy and religious music for 3 consecutive days with a duration of 15 minutes, the blood pressure on the first day before receiving therapy was 179/80 mmHg and after being given therapy for 3 days on the last day the blood pressure became 156/70 mmHg.
Yoga as a Non Pharmacological Intervention to Overcome Weight Gain in 3 Month Injectable Contraceptive Acceptors
Abstract. Background: Weight gain is a common side effect experienced by women using the 3-month injectable contraceptive (DMPA). This condition can lead to discomfort and decreased adherence to contraceptive use. Yoga, as a low-impact physical activity, is increasingly recognized as a non-pharmacological method that may help support weight management.. Objective: This study aims to analyze the effect of regular yoga practice on body weight among women who are acceptors of the 3-month injectable contraceptive. Methods: This study used a pre-experimental design (one group pretest-posttest design) without a control group. A total of 56 respondents who met the inclusion criteria were selected using purposive sampling. The intervention consisted of yoga sessions conducted three times a week for four weeks. Body weight was measured before and after the intervention. Statistical analysis was conducted using a paired t-test. Results: Among the 56 participants, there was a significant reduction in body weight after the yoga intervention. Statistical analysis showed a p-value of 0.000 (<0.05), indicating that yoga had a significant effect on reducing weight in 3 month injectable contraceptive acceptors. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that regular yoga practice has a significant impact on reducing body weight in women using the 3 month injectable contraceptive. Yoga can be considered a simple and effective non pharmacological intervention for weight management in this population.
Variation of TEA and Stearic Acid Concentration in Robusta Coffee Bean Powder (Coffea Canephora L) Body Scrub Formulation and Irritation Test
The skin is the body's largest organ and is vulnerable to premature aging caused by environmental factors and stress. Using a body scrub made from natural ingredients, such as robusta coffee beans, can help remove dead skin cells. Robusta coffee contains antioxidants like chlorogenic acid and flavonoids, which benefit skin health. This study aimed to develop a robusta coffee powder body scrub cream with different levels of TEA and stearic acid and to test for skin irritation to ensure safety. The goal was to create a stable and safe exfoliating cosmetic. This research involved a quantitative experimental approach to formulate a robusta coffee bean powder body scrub with various concentrations of TEA and stearic acid, and to evaluate its physical properties and potential for irritation. Three formulations were prepared with TEA levels of 2%, 3%, and 4%, and stearic acid levels of 10%, 15%, and 20%. The evaluations included organoleptic tests, homogeneity, pH, spreadability, adhesion, viscosity, cream type, and irritation tests with 12 panelists. Homogeneity tests showed that all three formulations were uniform, and organoleptic assessments indicated similar results across the samples. All formulations were oil-in-water (O/W) types, with appropriate pH values (6.78-7.28), stable viscosity (20214.2-20218.5 cPs), and satisfactory spreadability (5.2-5.5 cm). Although variations in TEA and stearic acid influenced adhesion, none of the formulations caused skin irritation among the panelists. In conclusion, this robusta coffee bean powder body scrub is stable, possesses good physical qualities, and is safe for use.
Application Of Slow Deep Breathing On Blood Pressure In Hypertension
Hypertension is a global health problem whose prevalence continues to increase every year. Factors such as age, unhealthy lifestyle, and stress are the main causes of hypertension. One of the effective and easy-to-implement non-pharmacological interventions is Slow Deep Breathing (SDB). SDB can help lower blood pressure by stimulating the parasympathetic nervous system, increasing vasodilation, and reducing peripheral vascular resistance. This study aims to determine the effect of Slow Deep Breathing in lowering blood pressure in people with hypertension. The study design used a pre-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design with 20 respondents selected by purposive sampling. The intervention was carried out for 7 days with a duration of 20 minutes each session. The results of the Wilcoxon test showed a significant decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure with a p value = 0.000. Conclusion, Slow Deep Breathing is effective in lowering blood pressure in people with hypertension
Case Study: Effectiveness Of Semi-Fowler Position On Ineffective Breathing Patterns In Patients With Pleurals Undergoing Palliative Care
Background: Pleural effusion is the accumulation of fluid between the parietal and visceral pleura (pleural cavity). This may be due to infection, malignancy or inflammation of the parenchymal tissue, or congestive heart failure, a common symptom of pleural effusion is shortness of breath. Pain can arise from a large effusion in the form of pleuritic chest pain or dull pain depending on the amount of fluid accumulation. Extensive pleural effusion will cause shortness of breath. Palliative care is a way to improve the quality of life of patients and families with life-threatening illnesses by reducing pain and providing physical, psychosocial and spiritual support from the time of diagnosis until the end of the patient's life . The semi-Fowler position can maximize lung expansion and reduce the effort of using respiratory muscle aids. Maximal ventilation opens the atelectasis area and increases the movement of secretions into the large airways for expulsion . Objective: To determine the effectiveness of the semi-Fowler position in patients with pleural effusion . Method: This type of research is descriptive qualitative using a case study approach using 1 respondent who experienced pleural effusion in the ICU room of Dr. Loekmono Hadi Kudus Regional Hospital. Results: After the semi-Fowler position was performed, the patient's oxygen saturation increased from 95% to 98% with respiration of 16 x/minute to 21 x/minute, and the O2 NRM which was initially given at 10 lt/minute decreased to 8 lt/minute . Conclusion: Providing a semi-Fowler position is effective in overcoming the ineffectiveness of breathing patterns in patients with pleural effusion, so that the problem of ineffective breathing patterns is partially resolved .
Determination of Total Flavonoid Content of 70% Ethanol and Ethyl Acetate Extract of Lamtoro Leaves (Leucaena Leucocephala (Lam.) De Wit) Using Uv-Vis Spectrophotometric Method
Lamtoro leaf (Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit) is one of the plants of the fabaceae family. Lamtoro leaves have properties as antibacterial, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, anthelmintic and antioxidant. There are secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins and saponins. The purpose of this study was to determine the content of secondary metabolite compounds by phytochemical screening methods and determine the total flavonoid levels of lamtoro leaves (Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit) with 70% ethanol solvent and ethyl acetate and find out whether or not there is a difference in total flavonoid levels of lamtoro leaves (Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit). This research is an experimental study using maceration method with 70% ethanol solvent and ethyl acetate and phytochemical screening test was carried out.The data obtained were analyzed using a normality test, a homogeneity test followed by an independent T-Test. Lamtoro leaves (Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de wit) are positive for flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins and saponins. The moisture content contained in simplisia powder is 4.55%. The flavonoid content of 70% ethanol extract was obtained 5.45% and the total flavonoid content of ethyl acetate extract was obtained 6.94%. Normality test of 70% ethanol extract and ethyl acetate of lamtoro leaves is normally distributed. The independent T-Test resulted in a difference between the total flavonoid levels of 70% ethanol extract and ethyl acetate extract of lamtoro leaves (Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit) due to the sign results obtained 0.002< 0.05.